Research Overview

Charles Berde's research focuses on relieving neuropathic pain in children. The Pain Treatment Service at Children's Hospital in Boston has become a referral center for children with many types of neuropathic pain, but especially limb pain associated with signs of abnormal circulation, which has been variously named reflex sympathetic (or neurovascular) dystrophy (RSD/RND), sympathetically maintained pain (SMP), and complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS1). 

Research Background

Charles Berde received an MD and PhD from Stanford University School of Medicine. He completed an internship and residency in pediatrics at Children's Hospital Boston, a residency in anesthesia at Massachusetts General Hospital, and a fellowship in pediatric anesthesia at Children's Hospital. He has received several awards and honors for his pioneering work in pediatric pain relief, including the 2003 Scientific Achievement Award of the Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy Syndrome Association. He was profiled as one of Time Magazine's "Heroes in Medicine" in 1997.

Education

Medical School

Stanford University School of Medicine
1980 Stanford CA

Internship

Boston Children's Hospital
1981 Boston MA

Residency

Boston Children's Hospital
1983 Boston MA

Residency

Anesthesia Massachusetts General Hospital
1985 Boston MA

Fellowship

Pediatric Anesthesia Boston Children's Hospital
1985 Boston MA

Media

Caregiver Profile

Meet Dr. Charles Berde

Publications

  1. Pediatric erythromelalgia from multidisciplinary perspectives: a scoping review. Pediatr Res. 2025 Jan 16. View Abstract
  2. Improving Pain Management after Tonsillectomy. Anesthesiology. 2024 Sep 01; 141(3):425-427. View Abstract
  3. Development and validation of a home quantitative sensory testing tool-kit to assess changes in sensory and pain processing: a study in healthy young adults. Pain. 2025 Jan 01; 166(1):52-66. View Abstract
  4. Neurodevelopment of children exposed to prolonged anesthesia in infancy: GABA study interim analysis of resting-state brain networks at 2, 4, and 10-months old. Neuroimage Clin. 2024; 42:103614. View Abstract
  5. Rescue designs in analgesic trials from 0 to 2 years of age: scoping review. Pediatr Res. 2024 Apr; 95(5):1237-1245. View Abstract
  6. Clinical Characterization of Pediatric Erythromelalgia: A Single-Center Case Series. Children (Basel). 2023 Jul 26; 10(8). View Abstract
  7. Late-presenting dural leak following spine fusion in the pediatric population. Spine Deform. 2023 Nov; 11(6):1371-1380. View Abstract
  8. A framework for individualized splice-switching oligonucleotide therapy. Nature. 2023 Jul; 619(7971):828-836. View Abstract
  9. Electroencephalographic delta and alpha oscillations reveal phase-amplitude coupling in paediatric patients undergoing sevoflurane-based general anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth. 2023 05; 130(5):595-602. View Abstract
  10. Anesthesia and epidural analgesia for "heroic" cancer surgery. Paediatr Anaesth. 2023 03; 33(3):182-184. View Abstract
  11. Tactile sensitivity and motor coordination in infancy: Effect of age, prior surgery, anaesthesia & critical illness. PLoS One. 2022; 17(12):e0279705. View Abstract
  12. Ultrasound-guided spinal anesthesia in infants: a narrative review. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2023 12; 48(12):608-614. View Abstract
  13. Mendelian Disorders in an Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome Cohort. Adv Genet (Hoboken). 2023 Mar; 4(1):2200013. View Abstract
  14. Emerging functional connectivity patterns during sevoflurane anaesthesia in the developing human brain. Br J Anaesth. 2023 02; 130(2):e381-e390. View Abstract
  15. Nusinersen for Patients With Spinal Muscular Atrophy: 1415 Doses via an Interdisciplinary Institutional Approach. Pediatr Neurol. 2022 07; 132:33-40. View Abstract
  16. Ultrasound-guided "saline myelogram": Confirmation of intrathecal drug delivery despite "dry tap" in infants for spinal anesthesia and spinal therapeutics. Paediatr Anaesth. 2022 07; 32(7):883-884. View Abstract
  17. Transforaminal lumbar puncture for spinal anesthesia or novel drug administration: a technique combining C-arm fluoroscopy and ultrasound. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2022 06; 47(6):380-383. View Abstract
  18. Modified Sensory Testing in Non-verbal Patients Receiving Novel Intrathecal Therapies for Neurological Disorders. Front Neurol. 2022; 13:664710. View Abstract
  19. Standardizing Opioid Prescribing in a Pediatric Hospital: A Quality Improvement Effort. Hosp Pediatr. 2022 02 01; 12(2):164-173. View Abstract
  20. Mendelian etiologies identified with whole exome sequencing in cerebral palsy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2022 02; 9(2):193-205. View Abstract
  21. Initial Adjustment to the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Associated Shutdown in Children and Adolescents With Chronic Pain and Their Families. Front Pain Res (Lausanne). 2021; 2:713430. View Abstract
  22. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Pain Management of Children With Limb Fractures or Suspected Appendicitis: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. Front Pediatr. 2021; 9:652854. View Abstract
  23. The Effectiveness of Cancer Pain Management in a Tertiary Hospital Outpatient Pain Clinic in Thailand: A Prospective Observational Study. Pain Res Manag. 2021; 2021:5599023. View Abstract
  24. Trends in Gabapentin and Pregabalin Prescribing in a Tertiary Pediatric Medical Center. Hosp Pediatr. 2021 08; 11(8):909-914. View Abstract
  25. Intrathecal catheter and port placement for nusinersen infusion in children with spinal muscular atrophy and spinal fusion. Pediatr Radiol. 2021 12; 51(13):2588-2595. View Abstract
  26. Explicit and implicit bias based on race, ethnicity, and weight among pediatric emergency physicians. Acad Emerg Med. 2021 09; 28(9):1073-1076. View Abstract
  27. Nonpharmacological Interventions for Pediatric Migraine: A Network Meta-analysis. Pediatrics. 2021 04; 147(4). View Abstract
  28. Association of Genetic Variants With Migraine Subclassified by Clinical Symptoms in Adult Females. Front Neurol. 2020; 11:617472. View Abstract
  29. Epidural catheter placement in children with baclofen pumps. Paediatr Anaesth. 2021 02; 31(2):178-185. View Abstract
  30. Case Studies Using the Electroencephalogram to Monitor Anesthesia-Induced Brain States in Children. Anesth Analg. 2020 10; 131(4):1043-1056. View Abstract
  31. Neurophysiological Assessment of Prolonged Recovery From Neuromuscular Blockade in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Front Pediatr. 2020; 8:580. View Abstract
  32. Genome-wide association analysis of opioid use disorder: A novel approach using clinical data. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2020 12 01; 217:108276. View Abstract
  33. Case Studies Using the Electroencephalogram to Monitor Anesthesia-Induced Brain States in Children. Anesth Analg. 2020 Aug 17. View Abstract
  34. Effect of lumbar medial branch blocks on extension-related axial chronic low back pain in a pediatric population: a retrospective chart review and prospective follow-up. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2020 12; 45(12):1019-1020. View Abstract
  35. Efficacy, Safety, and Acceptability of Pharmacologic Treatments for Pediatric Migraine Prophylaxis: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr. 2020 04 01; 174(4):341-349. View Abstract
  36. Off-label use of prescription analgesics among hospitalized children in the United States. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2020 04; 29(4):474-481. View Abstract
  37. d-Oscillation Correlates of Anesthesia-induced Unconsciousness in Large-scale Brain Networks of Human Infants. Anesthesiology. 2019 12; 131(6):1239-1253. View Abstract
  38. Developing a pediatric pain data repository. JAMIA Open. 2020 Apr; 3(1):31-36. View Abstract
  39. Patient-Customized Oligonucleotide Therapy for a Rare Genetic Disease. N Engl J Med. 2019 10 24; 381(17):1644-1652. View Abstract
  40. Electroencephalographic features of discontinuous activity in anesthetized infants and children. PLoS One. 2019; 14(10):e0223324. View Abstract
  41. Morphine compared to placebo for procedural pain in preterm infants: safety, efficacy and equipoise. J Perinatol. 2019 10; 39(10):1428-1431. View Abstract
  42. The effect of suprainguinal fascia iliaca block on the recovery of patients after arthroscopic hip surgery. Paediatr Anaesth. 2019 08; 29(8):829-834. View Abstract
  43. The Society for Pediatric Anesthesia recommendations for the use of opioids in children during the perioperative period. Paediatr Anaesth. 2019 06; 29(6):547-571. View Abstract
  44. Neural Correlates of Anesthesia in Newborn Mice and Humans. Front Neural Circuits. 2019; 13:38. View Abstract
  45. Neurodevelopmental outcome at 5 years of age after general anaesthesia or awake-regional anaesthesia in infancy (GAS): an international, multicentre, randomised, controlled equivalence trial. Lancet. 2019 02 16; 393(10172):664-677. View Abstract
  46. Patient- and Nurse-Controlled Analgesia: 22-Year Experience in a Pediatric Hospital. Hosp Pediatr. 2019 02; 9(2):129-133. View Abstract
  47. An open label pilot study of a dexmedetomidine-remifentanil-caudal anesthetic for infant lower abdominal/lower extremity surgery: The T REX pilot study. Paediatr Anaesth. 2019 01; 29(1):59-67. View Abstract
  48. Maximum Recommended Dosage of Ropivacaine and Bupivacaine for Pediatric Regional Anesthesia. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2018 11; 43(8):895-896. View Abstract
  49. Effects of Childhood Life Events on Adjustment Problems in Adolescence: A Longitudinal Study. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2018 Oct/Nov; 39(8):629-641. View Abstract
  50. Neuropathic pain drives anxiety behavior in mice, results consistent with anxiety levels in diabetic neuropathy patients. Pain Rep. 2018 May; 3(3):e651. View Abstract
  51. Electroencephalographic markers of brain development during sevoflurane anaesthesia in children up to 3 years old. Br J Anaesth. 2018 Jun; 120(6):1274-1286. View Abstract
  52. Clinical trial designs and models for analgesic medications for acute pain in neonates, infants, toddlers, children, and adolescents: ACTTION recommendations. Pain. 2018 02; 159(2):193-205. View Abstract
  53. Clinical signs and electroencephalographic patterns of emergence from sevoflurane anaesthesia in children: An observational study. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2018 01; 35(1):49-59. View Abstract
  54. Children With Chronic Pain: Response Trajectories After Intensive Pain Rehabilitation Treatment. J Pain. 2018 02; 19(2):207-218. View Abstract
  55. Continuous Regional Anesthesia and Inpatient Rehabilitation for Pediatric Complex Regional Pain Syndrome. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2017 Jul/Aug; 42(4):527-534. View Abstract
  56. Electroencephalographic discontinuity during sevoflurane anesthesia in infants and children. Paediatr Anaesth. 2017 Mar; 27(3):251-262. View Abstract
  57. Image-guided intrathecal baclofen pump catheter implantation: a technical note and case series. J Neurosurg Spine. 2017 May; 26(5):621-627. View Abstract
  58. Measurement of neosaxitoxin in human plasma using liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry: Proof of concept for a pharmacokinetic application. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2016 Nov 15; 1036-1037:42-49. View Abstract
  59. Biomedical science: Protection for anaesthetized mice. Nature. 2016 08 04; 536(7614):36-7. View Abstract
  60. Lidocaine Infusions and Other Options for Opioid-Resistant Pain Due to Pediatric Advanced Cancer. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2016 07; 63(7):1141-3. View Abstract
  61. Bundled analgesia interventions for day-stay surgery. Paediatr Anaesth. 2016 Feb; 26(2):120-1. View Abstract
  62. Fear and Reward Circuit Alterations in Pediatric CRPS. Front Hum Neurosci. 2015; 9:703. View Abstract
  63. Epidural Steroid Injections for Radiculopathy and/or Back Pain in Children and Adolescents: A Retrospective Cohort Study With a Prospective Follow-Up. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016 Jan-Feb; 41(1):86-92. View Abstract
  64. Neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years of age after general anaesthesia and awake-regional anaesthesia in infancy (GAS): an international multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2016 Jan 16; 387(10015):239-50. View Abstract
  65. Electroencephalography during general anaesthesia differs between term-born and premature-born children. Clin Neurophysiol. 2016 Feb; 127(2):1216-1222. View Abstract
  66. A Phase 1, Dose-escalation, Double-blind, Block-randomized, Controlled Trial of Safety and Efficacy of Neosaxitoxin Alone and in Combination with 0.2% Bupivacaine, with and without Epinephrine, for Cutaneous Anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 2015 Oct; 123(4):873-85. View Abstract
  67. Neosaxitoxin in Rat Sciatic Block: Improved Therapeutic Index Using Combinations with Bupivacaine, with and without Epinephrine. Anesthesiology. 2015 Oct; 123(4):886-98. View Abstract
  68. Age-dependent electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns during sevoflurane general anesthesia in infants. Elife. 2015 Jun 23; 4:e06513. View Abstract
  69. Transient Alterations of Cutaneous Sensory Nerve Function by Noninvasive Cryolipolysis. J Invest Dermatol. 2015 Nov; 135(11):2623-2631. View Abstract
  70. Developing better local anesthetics. Anesth Analg. 2015 Apr; 120(4):718-20. View Abstract
  71. Endogenous cholinergic neurotransmission contributes to behavioral sensitization to morphine. PLoS One. 2015; 10(2):e0117601. View Abstract
  72. Immediate rescue designs in pediatric analgesic trials: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Anesthesiology. 2015 Jan; 122(1):150-171. View Abstract
  73. Pain hypersensitivity in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a quantitative sensory testing study. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2014; 12:39. View Abstract
  74. Intrinsic brain networks normalize with treatment in pediatric complex regional pain syndrome. Neuroimage Clin. 2014; 6:347-69. View Abstract
  75. The responsive amygdala: treatment-induced alterations in functional connectivity in pediatric complex regional pain syndrome. Pain. 2014 Sep; 155(9):1727-1742. View Abstract
  76. Paravertebral block for analgesia after pediatric thoracic surgery. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2014 May-Jun; 39(3):179-80. View Abstract
  77. Documented electronic medical record-based pain intensity scores at a tertiary pediatric medical center: a cohort analysis. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2014 Nov; 48(5):924-33. View Abstract
  78. A single institution's effort to translate codeine knowledge into specific clinical practice. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2014 Jul; 48(1):119-26. View Abstract
  79. Regional anesthesia approaches to pain management in pediatric palliative care: a review of current knowledge. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2013 Dec; 46(6):859-73. View Abstract
  80. A case of cerebrospinal fluid leak in an infant after spinal anesthesia. J Clin Anesth. 2013 May; 25(3):217-9. View Abstract
  81. Transient and persistent pain induced connectivity alterations in pediatric complex regional pain syndrome. PLoS One. 2013; 8(3):e57205. View Abstract
  82. Children and adolescents with complex regional pain syndrome: more psychologically distressed than other children in pain? Pain Res Manag. 2013 Mar-Apr; 18(2):87-93. View Abstract
  83. Pediatric regional anesthesia: drawing inferences on safety from prospective registries and case reports. Anesth Analg. 2012 Dec; 115(6):1259-62. View Abstract
  84. A day-hospital approach to treatment of pediatric complex regional pain syndrome: initial functional outcomes. Clin J Pain. 2012 Nov-Dec; 28(9):766-74. View Abstract
  85. Periaqueductal gray neuroplasticity following chronic morphine varies with age: role of oxidative stress. Neuroscience. 2012 Dec 13; 226:165-77. View Abstract
  86. Patterned expression of ion channel genes in mouse dorsal raphe nucleus determined with the Allen Mouse Brain Atlas. Brain Res. 2012 May 31; 1457:1-12. View Abstract
  87. Respiratory, neuromuscular, and cardiovascular effects of neosaxitoxin in isoflurane-anesthetized sheep. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2012 Mar-Apr; 37(2):152-8. View Abstract
  88. Response to "A new definition of neuropathic pain". Pain. 2012 Apr; 153(4):934-935. View Abstract
  89. Pediatric analgesic clinical trial designs, measures, and extrapolation: report of an FDA scientific workshop. Pediatrics. 2012 Feb; 129(2):354-64. View Abstract
  90. Sympathetic nerve blocks, pragmatic trials, and responder analysis. Anesthesiology. 2012 Jan; 116(1):12-4. View Abstract
  91. Tetrodotoxin-bupivacaine-epinephrine combinations for prolonged local anesthesia. Mar Drugs. 2011 Dec; 9(12):2717-2728. View Abstract
  92. Spinal anesthesia in infant rats: development of a model and assessment of neurologic outcomes. Anesthesiology. 2011 Jun; 114(6):1325-35. View Abstract
  93. Comparison of neosaxitoxin versus bupivacaine via port infiltration for postoperative analgesia following laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized, double-blind trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2011 Mar-Apr; 36(2):103-9. View Abstract
  94. The Fear of Pain Questionnaire (FOPQ): assessment of pain-related fear among children and adolescents with chronic pain. J Pain. 2011 Jun; 12(6):677-86. View Abstract
  95. Fatigue in children with cancer at the end of life. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2010 Oct; 40(4):483-94. View Abstract
  96. Blood sampling and other needle procedures - the Achilles heel of newborn intensive care. Pain. 2009 Dec 15; 147(1-3):15-6. View Abstract
  97. Pain measurement and Beecher's challenge: 50 years later. Anesthesiology. 2009 Sep; 111(3):473-4. View Abstract
  98. Lumbar sympathetic blockade in children with complex regional pain syndromes: a double blind placebo-controlled crossover trial. Anesthesiology. 2009 Aug; 111(2):372-80. View Abstract
  99. Challenges of functional imaging research of pain in children. Mol Pain. 2009 Jun 16; 5:30. View Abstract
  100. In vivo lipid diffusion coefficient measurements in rat bone marrow. Magn Reson Imaging. 2009 Jul; 27(6):859-64. View Abstract
  101. fMRI reveals distinct CNS processing during symptomatic and recovered complex regional pain syndrome in children. Brain. 2008 Jul; 131(Pt 7):1854-79. View Abstract
  102. Opioid side effects--mechanism-based therapy. N Engl J Med. 2008 May 29; 358(22):2400-2. View Abstract
  103. Easing of suffering in children with cancer at the end of life: is care changing? J Clin Oncol. 2008 Apr 01; 26(10):1717-23. View Abstract
  104. Postoperative pain and other sequelae of dental rehabilitations performed on children under general anesthesia. Pediatr Dent. 2008 Mar-Apr; 30(2):111-21. View Abstract
  105. Stable plasma concentrations of unbound ropivacaine during postoperative epidural infusion for 24-72 hours in children. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2008 May; 25(5):410-7. View Abstract
  106. Pharmacologic management of painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis: a systematic review. Arch Intern Med. 2007 Oct 08; 167(18):1922-9. View Abstract
  107. Nerve conduction blockade in the sciatic nerve prevents but does not reverse the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in spinal microglia in the rat spared nerve injury model. Anesthesiology. 2007 Aug; 107(2):312-21. View Abstract
  108. Cutaneous sensory abnormalities in children and adolescents with complex regional pain syndromes. Pain. 2007 Sep; 131(1-2):153-61. View Abstract
  109. Effects of bupivacaine and tetrodotoxin on carrageenan-induced hind paw inflammation in rats (Part 1): hyperalgesia, edema, and systemic cytokines. Anesthesiology. 2006 Jul; 105(1):128-38. View Abstract
  110. Effects of bupivacaine and tetrodotoxin on carrageenan-induced hind paw inflammation in rats (Part 2): cytokines and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases in dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord. Anesthesiology. 2006 Jul; 105(1):139-45. View Abstract
  111. Factors associated with fatigue in children with cancer at the end of life. J Clin Oncol. 2006 Jun 20; 24(18_suppl):8574. View Abstract
  112. Complex regional pain syndromes in children and adolescents: regional and systemic signs and symptoms and hemodynamic response to tilt table testing. Clin J Pain. 2006 May; 22(4):399-406. View Abstract
  113. Summary proceedings from the neonatal pain-control group. Pediatrics. 2006 Mar; 117(3 Pt 2):S9-S22. View Abstract
  114. Use of complementary and alternative medicine in pediatric pain management service: a survey. Pain Med. 2005 Nov-Dec; 6(6):452-8. View Abstract
  115. Biexponential parameterization of diffusion and T2 relaxation decay curves in a rat muscle edema model: decay curve components and water compartments. Magn Reson Med. 2005 Sep; 54(3):524-31. View Abstract
  116. Pain management for the hospitalized pediatric patient. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2005 Aug; 52(4):995-1027, vii-viii. View Abstract
  117. Analgesia and anesthesia for neonates: study design and ethical issues. Clin Ther. 2005 Jun; 27(6):814-43. View Abstract
  118. Anesthesia and analgesia during and after surgery in neonates. Clin Ther. 2005 Jun; 27(6):900-21. View Abstract
  119. Caudal analgesia and anesthesia techniques in children. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2005 Jun; 18(3):283-8. View Abstract
  120. Complex regional pain syndromes in children and adolescents. Anesthesiology. 2005 Feb; 102(2):252-5. View Abstract
  121. A randomized controlled trial to evaluate S-Caine patch for reducing pain associated with vascular access in children. Anesthesiology. 2005 Feb; 102(2):403-8. View Abstract
  122. Epinephrine prevents muscle blood flow increases after perineural injection of tetrodotoxin. Anesthesiology. 2004 Dec; 101(6):1428-34. View Abstract
  123. Self-mutilation in young children following brachial plexus birth injury. Pain. 2004 Jul; 110(1-2):123-9. View Abstract
  124. Local anesthetics in infants and children: an update. Paediatr Anaesth. 2004 May; 14(5):387-93. View Abstract
  125. The use of herbs and complementary and alternative medicine in pediatric preoperative patients. J Clin Anesth. 2004 Feb; 16(1):4-6. View Abstract
  126. Effects of repeated injection of local anesthetic on sciatic nerve blocks response. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci. 2004; 24(5):497-9. View Abstract
  127. Development of neuropathic pain in the rat spared nerve injury model is not prevented by a peripheral nerve block. Anesthesiology. 2003 Dec; 99(6):1402-8. View Abstract
  128. Prolonged duration local anesthesia from tetrodotoxin-enhanced local anesthetic microspheres. Pain. 2003 Jul; 104(1-2):415-21. View Abstract
  129. Activation of peripheral NMDA receptors contributes to human pain and rat afferent discharges evoked by injection of glutamate into the masseter muscle. J Neurophysiol. 2003 Oct; 90(4):2098-105. View Abstract
  130. Opioids: more to learn, improvements to be made. Anesthesiology. 2003 Jun; 98(6):1309-12. View Abstract
  131. Pain, anxiety, distress, and suffering: interrelated, but not interchangeable. J Pediatr. 2003 Apr; 142(4):361-3. View Abstract
  132. Activation of peripheral excitatory amino acid receptors decreases the duration of local anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 2003 Feb; 98(2):521-9. View Abstract
  133. Analgesics for the treatment of pain in children. N Engl J Med. 2002 Oct 03; 347(14):1094-103. View Abstract
  134. The effects of lidocaine and adrenergic agonists on rat sciatic nerve and skeletal muscle blood flow in vivo. Anesth Analg. 2002 Oct; 95(4):1080-6, table of contents. View Abstract
  135. Diagnosis and management of MNGIE syndrome in children: case report and review of the literature. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2002 Sep; 35(3):377-83. View Abstract
  136. Physical therapy and cognitive-behavioral treatment for complex regional pain syndromes. J Pediatr. 2002 Jul; 141(1):135-40. View Abstract
  137. Prolonged sensory and motor deficit following short-term lumbar epidural analgesia in a patient with mixed connective tissue disease. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2002 Feb; 23(2):89-92. View Abstract
  138. Glutamate-induced sensitization of rat masseter muscle fibers. Neuroscience. 2002; 109(2):389-99. View Abstract
  139. Quantitative assessment of cutaneous thermal and vibration sensation and thermal pain detection thresholds in healthy children and adolescents. Muscle Nerve. 2001 Oct; 24(10):1339-45. View Abstract
  140. The pharmacokinetics of epidural ropivacaine in infants and young children. Anesth Analg. 2001 Oct; 93(4):893-7. View Abstract
  141. Evidence that spinal segmental nitric oxide mediates tachyphylaxis to peripheral local anesthetic nerve block. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2001 Sep; 45(8):945-53. View Abstract
  142. Osmotic effects on the T2 relaxation decay of in vivo muscle. Magn Reson Med. 2001 Sep; 46(3):592-9. View Abstract
  143. High concentrations of adrenergic antagonists prolong sciatic nerve blockade by tetrodotoxin. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2001 Aug; 45(7):899-905. View Abstract
  144. Effects of adrenergic agonists and antagonists on tetrodotoxin-induced nerve block. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2001 May-Jun; 26(3):239-45. View Abstract
  145. Developmental pharmacology across species: promise and problems. Anesth Analg. 2000 Jul; 91(1):1-5. View Abstract
  146. Reports of pain by children undergoing rapid palatal expansion. Pediatr Dent. 2000 May-Jun; 22(3):221-6. View Abstract
  147. On pins and needles? Pediatric pain patients' experience with acupuncture. Pediatrics. 2000 Apr; 105(4 Pt 2):941-7. View Abstract
  148. The local anesthetic properties and toxicity of saxitonin homologues for rat sciatic nerve block in vivo. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2000 Jan-Feb; 25(1):52-9. View Abstract
  149. Survey of acupuncturists: practice characteristics and pediatric care. West J Med. 1999 Sep; 171(3):153-7. View Abstract
  150. Acupressure-acupuncture antiemetic prophylaxis in children undergoing tonsillectomy. Anesthesiology. 1999 May; 90(5):1311-6. View Abstract
  151. Prolonged local myometrial blockade prevents preterm labor after fetal surgery in a leporine model. J Pediatr Surg. 1999 Apr; 34(4):540-2. View Abstract
  152. Vanilloid receptor agonists potentiate the in vivo local anesthetic activity of percutaneously injected site 1 sodium channel blockers. Anesthesiology. 1999 Feb; 90(2):524-34. View Abstract
  153. Sciatic nerve blockade in infant, adolescent, and adult rats: a comparison of ropivacaine with bupivacaine. Anesthesiology. 1998 Nov; 89(5):1199-208; discussion 10A. View Abstract
  154. Prolonged intercostal nerve blockade in sheep using controlled-release of bupivacaine and dexamethasone from polymer microspheres. Anesthesiology. 1998 Oct; 89(4):969-79. View Abstract
  155. A re-examination of tetrodotoxin for prolonged duration local anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 1998 Jul; 89(1):119-31. View Abstract
  156. End-of-life care in cystic fibrosis. Pediatrics. 1997 Aug; 100(2 Pt 1):205-9. View Abstract
  157. Neurologic evaluation of infant and adult rats before and after sciatic nerve blockade. Anesthesiology. 1997 Apr; 86(4):957-65. View Abstract
  158. "Prolonged nerve blockade by the combination of local anesthetic and glucocorticoid". 1997. View Abstract
  159. "Biodegradable polymer matrices for sustained delivery of local anesthetic agents". 1997. View Abstract
  160. NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) prevents tachyphylaxis to local anesthetics in a dose-dependent manner. Anesth Analg. 1996 Dec; 83(6):1251-5. View Abstract
  161. Regional anesthesia in children: what have we learned? Anesth Analg. 1996 Nov; 83(5):897-900. View Abstract
  162. Halothane and cardiac autonomic control in infants: assessment with quantitative respiratory sinus arrhythmia. Pediatr Res. 1996 Nov; 40(5):710-7. View Abstract
  163. Glucocorticoids prolong rat sciatic nerve blockade in vivo from bupivacaine microspheres. Anesthesiology. 1996 Nov; 85(5):1157-66. View Abstract
  164. Patient-controlled analgesia for mucositis pain in children: a three-period crossover study comparing morphine and hydromorphone. J Pediatr. 1996 Nov; 129(5):722-8. View Abstract
  165. Chronic pain in cystic fibrosis. Pediatrics. 1996 Oct; 98(4 Pt 1):741-7. View Abstract
  166. Safety of intravenous ketorolac therapy in children and cost savings with a unit dosing system. J Pediatr. 1996 Aug; 129(2):292-6. View Abstract
  167. The management of opioid and benzodiazepine dependence in infants, children, and adolescents. Pediatrics. 1996 Jul; 98(1):135-40. View Abstract
  168. Prolonged regional nerve blockade. Injectable biodegradable bupivacaine/polyester microspheres. Anesthesiology. 1996 Jun; 84(6):1401-10. View Abstract
  169. Regional anesthesia for pain associated with terminal pediatric malignancy. Pain. 1996 Apr; 65(1):63-69. View Abstract
  170. Massive opioid resistance in an infant with a localized metastasis to the midbrain periaqueductal gray. Pain. 1995 Nov; 63(2):271-275. View Abstract
  171. Intravenous amitriptyline in pediatrics. J Pain Symptom Manage. 1995 Aug; 10(6):471-5. View Abstract
  172. Pediatric oncology procedures: to sleep or perchance to dream? Pain. 1995 Jul; 62(1):1-2. View Abstract
  173. Control of severe pain in children with terminal malignancy. J Pediatr. 1995 Apr; 126(4):653-7. View Abstract
  174. A double-blind evaluation of ketorolac tromethamine versus acetaminophen in pediatric tonsillectomy: analgesia and bleeding. Anesth Analg. 1995 Feb; 80(2):226-9. View Abstract
  175. The risk of infection from epidural analgesia in children: a review of 1620 cases. Anesth Analg. 1995 Feb; 80(2):234-8. View Abstract
  176. Infants tolerate spinal anesthesia with minimal overall autonomic changes: analysis of heart rate variability in former premature infants undergoing hernia repair. Anesth Analg. 1995 Jan; 80(1):20-7. View Abstract
  177. L-nitroso-arginine methyl ester prevents tachyphylaxis to sciatic nerve blockade in a dose-dependent manner. Anesthesiology. 1995; 83:A808. View Abstract
  178. Epidural analgesia accelerates recovery following major pediatric urologic reconstructive surgery. Society for Pediatric Anesthesia/American Academy of Pediatrics. 1995. View Abstract
  179. Anesthesia and perioperative care in cystic fibrosis. Anesth. Analg. 1995. View Abstract
  180. Thermal hyperalgesia accelerates and MK-801 prevents the development of tachyphylaxis to rat sciatic nerve blockade. Anesthesiology. 1994 Nov; 81(5):1284-93. View Abstract
  181. Epidural analgesia in children. Can J Anaesth. 1994 Jul; 41(7):555-60. View Abstract
  182. A double blind evaluation of ketorolac tromethamine versus acetaminophen in the pediatric tonsillectomy patient, effects on analgesia and bleeding. American Academy of Pediatrics, Section on Anesthesiology. 1994. View Abstract
  183. Dextroamphetamine or methylphenidate as adjuvants to opioid analgesia for adolescents with cancer. J Pain Symptom Manage. 1994 Feb; 9(2):122-5. View Abstract
  184. Management of tracheobronchial and esophageal foreign bodies in children: a survey study. J Clin Anesth. 1994 Jan-Feb; 6(1):28-32. View Abstract
  185. Tachyphylaxis to sciatic blockade persists in spinalized rats. Anesthesiology. 1994; 81:A964. View Abstract
  186. Neuropathic pain in children. Abstracts of the 3rd International Pediatric Pain Symposium. 1994. View Abstract
  187. Cephalad advancement of epidural catheters: radiographic correlation. Anesthesiology. 1994; 81:A1345. View Abstract
  188. Evaluation of epinephrine epidural test dose in children receiving isoflurane anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 1994; 81:A1344. View Abstract
  189. Absolute volume predicts duration of sciatic blockade better than volume/kilogram in infant and adult rats. Anesthesiology. 1994; 81:A1375. View Abstract
  190. The dose-response of epidural hydromorphone in children. Anesthesiology. 1994; 81:A1346. View Abstract
  191. Epinephrine prolongs sciatic nerve block in infant but not adult rats. Anesthesiology. 1994; 81:A1356. View Abstract
  192. The safety in pediatric regional analgesia study group: a multicenter study of safety and risk factors in pediatric regional analgesia. Anesthesiology. 1994; 81:A1386. View Abstract
  193. Optimal pain relief in infants and children. BMJ. 1993 Oct 02; 307(6908):815-6. View Abstract
  194. Sustained local anesthetic release from bioerodible polymer matrices: a potential method for prolonged regional anesthesia. Pharm Res. 1993 Oct; 10(10):1527-32. View Abstract
  195. Chronic exposure to lidocaine does not alter flux through sodium channels in cultured neuronal cells. Reg Anesth. 1993 Sep-Oct; 18(5):283-9. View Abstract
  196. Prolonged regional nerve blockade by controlled release of local anesthetic from a biodegradable polymer matrix. Anesthesiology. 1993 Aug; 79(2):340-6. View Abstract
  197. Performance of pediatric resuscitation bags assessed with an infant lung simulator. Anesth Analg. 1993 Aug; 77(2):261-4. View Abstract
  198. Venous air embolism during identification of the epidural space in children. Anesth Analg. 1993 May; 76(5):925-7. View Abstract
  199. Toxicity of local anesthetics in infants and children. J Pediatr. 1993 May; 122(5 Pt 2):S14-20. View Abstract
  200. Continuous caudal anesthesia for inguinal hernia repair in former preterm infants. J Clin Anesth. 1993 Mar-Apr; 5(2):129-33. View Abstract
  201. Pain, euthanasia, and anesthesiologists. Anesthesiology. 1993 Feb; 78(2):353-60. View Abstract
  202. Pain management in pediatrics. West J Med. 1993 Feb; 158(2):178-9. View Abstract
  203. Intravenous isoproterenol as a marker for epidural test-dosing in children. Anesth Analg. 1993 Jan; 76(1):178-81. View Abstract
  204. Comparison of injection and sustained release bupivicaine sciatic nerve blockade between adult and weaning rats. Anesthesiology. 1993; 79(3A):A908. View Abstract
  205. Comparison of sciatic nerve blockade between infant and adult rats. Anesthesiology. 1993; 79(3A):A1137. View Abstract
  206. Barbiturates in the care of the terminally ill. N Engl J Med. 1992 Dec 03; 327(23):1678-82. View Abstract
  207. Convulsions associated with pediatric regional anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 1992 Aug; 75(2):164-6. View Abstract
  208. Reflex sympathetic dystrophy in children. Clinical characteristics and follow-up of seventy patients. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1992 Jul; 74(6):910-9. View Abstract
  209. High sensitivity quantification of RNA from gels and autoradiograms with affordable optical scanning. Biotechniques. 1992 Jun; 12(6):902-6, 908-11. View Abstract
  210. Pediatric regional anesthesia equipment. Int Anesthesiol Clin. 1992; 30(3):163-76. View Abstract
  211. Laser Doppler measurements of skin blood flow before, during, and after lumbar sympathetic blockade in children and young adults with reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome. J Clin Monit. 1992 Jan; 8(1):16-9. View Abstract
  212. The risk of infection from pediatric epidural analgesia is low. Anesthesiology. 1992; 77:A1158. View Abstract
  213. Patient-controlled analgesia in children and adolescents: safety and outcome amoung 1,589 patients. Anesthesiology. 1992; 77:A1187. View Abstract
  214. Performance of pediatric resuscitation bags assessed with an infant lung simulator. Anesthesiology. 1992; 77:A509. View Abstract
  215. Midazolam for conscious sedation during pediatric oncology procedures: safety and recovery parameters. Pediatrics. 1991 Dec; 88(6):1172-9. View Abstract
  216. Continuous subarachnoid analgesia in two adolescents with severe scoliosis and impaired pulmonary function. Reg Anesth. 1991 Nov-Dec; 16(6):333-6. View Abstract
  217. Comparison of morphine and methadone for prevention of postoperative pain in 3- to 7-year-old children. J Pediatr. 1991 Jul; 119(1 Pt 1):136-41. View Abstract
  218. Patient-controlled analgesia in children and adolescents: a randomized, prospective comparison with intramuscular administration of morphine for postoperative analgesia. J Pediatr. 1991 Mar; 118(3):460-6. View Abstract
  219. Efficacy of adrenaline, lignocaine-adrenaline and isoprenaline as a test dose in halothane-anaesthetized lambs. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 1991 Mar; 8(2):123-8. View Abstract
  220. Memories of pain in three- to seven-year-old children. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 1991; 6:174. View Abstract
  221. Methylphenidate or dextraamphetamine as adjuvants in opioid analgesia. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 1991; 6:162. View Abstract
  222. Implementation of a PCA program. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 1991; 6:187. View Abstract
  223. Recognition and treatment of pain in pediatric patients with AIDS. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 1991; 6:162. View Abstract
  224. Porlonged sciatic nerve blockade using sustained release of bupivicaine from a biodegradable polymer matrix. Anesthesiology. 1991; 75:A765. View Abstract
  225. Experience with 852 epidural infusions in a children's hospital. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 1991; 6:164. View Abstract
  226. Continuous caudal anesthesia with 2-chloroprocaine for premature infants undergoing inguinal hernia repair. Anesthesiology. 1991; 75:A693. View Abstract
  227. Reflex sympathetic dystrophy in children and adolescents: follow-up of 70 patients adn development of a treatment algorithm. Anesthesiology. 1991; 75:A916. View Abstract
  228. Children's pain and family functioning: a comparative analysis. J. Pain and Symptom Management. 1991; 6:146. View Abstract
  229. Discordance between self-report and behavioral pain measures in children aged 3-7 years after surgery. J Pain Symptom Manage. 1990 Dec; 5(6):350-6. View Abstract
  230. Celiac plexus blockade for a 3-year-old boy with hepatoblastoma and refractory pain. Pediatrics. 1990 Nov; 86(5):779-81. View Abstract
  231. American Academy of Pediatrics Report of the Subcommittee on Disease-Related Pain in Childhood Cancer. Pediatrics. 1990 Nov; 86(5 Pt 2):818-25. View Abstract
  232. Subarachnoid bupivacaine analgesia for seven months for a patient with a spinal cord tumor. Anesthesiology. 1990 Jun; 72(6):1094-6. View Abstract
  233. Continuous epidural bupivacaine-fentanyl infusions in children following ureteral reimplantation. Anesthesiology. 1990; 73:A775. View Abstract
  234. Hypotension, flushing and bronchospasm in myelodysplasia patients undergoing surgery. Section on Anesthesiology, American Academy of Pediatrics. 1990; Spring. View Abstract
  235. Patient-controlled analgesia in children and adolescents: a randomized comparison with intramuscular morphine. Anesthesiology. 1990; 73:A1102. View Abstract
  236. Isoproterenol for test dosing in pediatric regional blockade. Anesthesiology. 1990; 73:A1127. View Abstract
  237. Sustained release of dibucaine from a biodegradable polymer matrix: a potential method for prolonged neural blockade. Anesthesiology. 1990; 73:A776. View Abstract
  238. Regional analgesia in the management of chronic pain in childhood. J Pain Symptom Manage. 1989 Dec; 4(4):232-7. View Abstract
  239. Meningococcal purpura fulminans: treatment of vascular insufficiency in a 2-yr-old child with lumbar epidural sympathetic blockade. Anesthesiology. 1989 Sep; 71(3):463-4. View Abstract
  240. Pharmacologic management of pain in children and adolescents. Pediatr Clin North Am. 1989 Aug; 36(4):855-71. View Abstract
  241. Pediatric postoperative pain management. Pediatr Clin North Am. 1989 Aug; 36(4):921-40. View Abstract
  242. Sufentanil, morphine, met-enkephalin, and kappa-agonist (U-50,488H) inhibit substance P release from primary sensory neurons: a model for presynaptic spinal opioid actions. Anesthesiology. 1989 Apr; 70(4):672-7. View Abstract
  243. Caudal epidural morphine analgesia for an infant with advanced neuroblastoma: report of a case. Pain. 1989 Feb; 36(2):219-223. View Abstract
  244. Pediatric pain clinics: recommendations for their development. Pediatrician. 1989; 16(1-2):94-102. View Abstract
  245. Regional analgesia on pediatric medical and surgical wards. Intensive Care Med. 1989; 15 Suppl 1:S40-3. View Abstract
  246. Postoperative lordoscoliosis causing extrinsic compression of the right main stem bronchus and respiratory insufficiency. A case report. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1989 Jan; 14(1):110-4. View Abstract
  247. Epidural test dosing in halothane-anesthesized lambs. Anesthesiology. 1989; 72:A1022. View Abstract
  248. Spinal vs. general anesthesia in infants undergoing hernia repair. Section on Anesthesiology, American Academy of Pediatrics. 1989. View Abstract
  249. Stellate ganglion blockade in children and adolescents. Anesthesiology. 1989; 71:A1023. View Abstract
  250. Reflex sympathetic dystrophy in children and adolescents. Society for Behavioral Medicine. 1989. View Abstract
  251. Pediatric pain management. Hosp Pract (Off Ed). 1988 May 30; 23(5A):83-4, 89, 93-4 passim. View Abstract
  252. Radiological case of the month. Bronchial compression and ventilatory dysfunction in scoliosis. Am J Dis Child. 1988 May; 142(5):545-6. View Abstract
  253. A technique for continuous lumbar sympathetic blockade for severe reflex sympathetic dystrophy in children and adolescents. Anesth Analg. 1988; 67:S4. View Abstract
  254. A comparison of methadone and morphine for postoperative analgesia in children and adolescents. Anesthesiology. 1988; 69:A768. View Abstract
  255. Initial experience with a multidiscplinary pediatric pain treatment service. Pain. 1987; Supplement 4:S99. View Abstract
  256. Pharmacokinetics of methadone in children and adolescents in the perioperative period. Anesthesiology. 1987; 67:A519. View Abstract
  257. Regional anesthetic approaches to post-operative pain in children and adolescents. Intensive Care Med. 1987; 13:460. View Abstract
  258. Opioids inhibit substance P release from cultured dorsal root ganglia: a model for spinal narcotic action. Anesthesiology. 1987; 67:A388. View Abstract
  259. Effects of free fatty acids on release of superoxide and on change of shape by human neutrophils. Reversibility by albumin. J Biol Chem. 1984 Jun 25; 259(12):7870-7. View Abstract
  260. Zoonotic filariasis with lymphedema in an immunodeficient infant. N Engl J Med. 1984 May 10; 310(19):1243-5. View Abstract
  261. Bilirubin binding in the plasma of newborns: critical evaluation of a fluorescence quenching method and comparison to the peroxidase method. Pediatr Res. 1984 Apr; 18(4):349-54. View Abstract
  262. Some functional effects of physical changes in the membranes of white cells. Kroc Found Ser. 1984; 16:111-27. View Abstract
  263. The excitable membrane of phagocytic leukocytes. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1984; 164:347-54. View Abstract
  264. Pregnancy in women with pseudoxanthoma elasticum. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 1983 Jun; 38(6):339-44. View Abstract
  265. Gel to liquid-crystalline phase transitions of aqueous dispersions of polyunsaturated mixed-acid phosphatidylcholines. Biochemistry. 1983 Mar 15; 22(6):1466-73. View Abstract
  266. Cytochalasin E diminishes the lag phase in the release of superoxide by human neutrophils. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1982 May 14; 106(1):170-4. View Abstract
  267. Phase transitions of dispersions of polyunsaturated mixed acid phosphatidyl cholines: calorimetric measurements and a statistical-mechanical description. Mackinac Conference on Artificial Surfactant Proceedings. 1982. View Abstract
  268. Monitoring intravenous fat emulsions in neonates with the fatty acid/serum albumin molar ratio. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1981 Nov-Dec; 5(6):517-8. View Abstract
  269. A theory of the effects of head-group structure and chain unsaturation on the chain melting transition of phospholipid dispersions. Biochemistry. 1980 Sep 02; 19(18):4279-93. View Abstract
  270. Use of the conjugated polyene fatty acid, parinaric acid, in assaying fatty acids in serum or plasma. Clin Chem. 1980 Jul; 26(8):1173-7. View Abstract
  271. Human alpha-fetoprotein. Fluorescence studies on binding and proximity relationships for fatty acids and bilirubin. J Biol Chem. 1979 Dec 25; 254(24):12609-14. View Abstract
  272. Human serum albumin. Spectroscopic studies of binding and proximity relationships for fatty acids and bilirubin. J Biol Chem. 1979 Jan 25; 254(2):391-400. View Abstract
  273. Binding of bilirubin and fatty acids in the sera of neonates. Clin Res. 1979; 27:134A. View Abstract
  274. Two coupled oscillators: simulations of the circadian pacemaker in mammalian activity rhythms. J Theor Biol. 1978 Feb 06; 70(3):297-313. View Abstract
  275. A free fatty acid binding index for serum. Pediatr Res. 1978; 12:502. View Abstract
  276. Activation of purified 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase by phospholipids. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1977 Jul 20; 488(1):112-20. View Abstract
  277. A population-family planning resource center: a community educational service. Fam Plann Resume. 1977; 1(1):142-3. View Abstract
  278. Nonmonotonic transients and some mathematical models of circadian rhythms. J Theor Biol. 1976 Feb; 56(2):435-41. View Abstract

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