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Research Overview

Stem cell transplantation and tissue engineering hold great promise in regenerative medicine. However, generating tissues with stable functional vascular beds remains a major challenge. Our laboratory is interested in understanding mechanisms of vascular network formation using human stem and progenitor cells. We specialize in the biology and therapeutic potential of human circulating Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells. Current projects in the lab are focused on:

  • endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) biology
  • bioengineering vascular networks
  • genetically engineered vasculature for protein drug delivery

Research Background

Dr. Melero-Martin graduated in Chemical Engineering from University of Seville, Spain, in 1998. After working three years in industry, he went on to earn a PhD in biochemical engineering from the University of Birmingham, UK in 2005. Dr. Melero-Martin's doctoral research focused on tissue engineering and was sponsored by Smith & Nephew. From 2005 to 2008, he trained as a post-doctoral fellow in the Vascular Biology Program at Boston Children's Hospital. He joined the Department of Cardiac Surgery at Children's Hospital in 2008. In 2009, he received a K99/R00 Pathway to Independence Award from the NIH.

Publications

  1. Robust differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into mural progenitor cells via transient activation of NKX3.1. Nat Commun. 2024 Sep 30; 15(1):8392. View Abstract
  2. Harnessing cellular therapeutics for type 1 diabetes mellitus: progress, challenges, and the road ahead. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2025 Jan; 21(1):14-30. View Abstract
  3. A streamlined method to generate endothelial cells from human pluripotent stem cells via transient doxycycline-inducible ETV2 activation. Angiogenesis. 2024 Nov; 27(4):779-795. View Abstract
  4. Pioneer factor ETV2 safeguards endothelial cell specification by recruiting the repressor REST to restrict alternative lineage commitment. bioRxiv. 2024 May 30. View Abstract
  5. Mitochondrial transfer mediates endothelial cell engraftment through mitophagy. Nature. 2024 May; 629(8012):660-668. View Abstract
  6. Engineering large and geometrically controlled vascularized nerve tissue in collagen hydrogels to restore large-sized volumetric muscle loss. Biomaterials. 2023 12; 303:122402. View Abstract
  7. Photopolymerizable Hydrogel for Enhanced Intramyocardial Vascular Progenitor Cell Delivery and Post-Myocardial Infarction Healing. Adv Healthc Mater. 2023 11; 12(29):e2301581. View Abstract
  8. Results of an international survey about methods used to isolate human endothelial colony-forming cells: guidance from the SSC on Vascular Biology of the ISTH. J Thromb Haemost. 2023 09; 21(9):2611-2619. View Abstract
  9. Human Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2022 12 01; 12(12). View Abstract
  10. Engineered immunomodulatory accessory cells improve experimental allogeneic islet transplantation without immunosuppression. Sci Adv. 2022 07 22; 8(29):eabn0071. View Abstract
  11. Heterogeneity of Diabetes: ß-Cells, Phenotypes, and Precision Medicine: Proceedings of an International Symposium of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research's Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes and the U.S. National Institutes of Health's National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Diabetes Care. 2022 01 01; 45(1):3-22. View Abstract
  12. Abnormal Flow Conditions Promote Endocardial Fibroelastosis Via Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition, Which Is Responsive to Losartan Treatment. JACC Basic Transl Sci. 2021 Dec; 6(12):984-999. View Abstract
  13. A Safe, Fibrosis-Mitigating, and Scalable Encapsulation Device Supports Long-Term Function of Insulin-Producing Cells. Small. 2022 02; 18(8):e2104899. View Abstract
  14. Mechanical strain triggers endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition of the endocardium in the immature heart. Pediatr Res. 2022 09; 92(3):721-728. View Abstract
  15. Heterogeneity of Diabetes: ß-Cells, Phenotypes, and Precision Medicine: Proceedings of an International Symposium of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research's Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes and the U.S. National Institutes of Health's National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Diabetes. 2021 11 13. View Abstract
  16. Interferon-alpha or -beta facilitates SARS-CoV-2 pulmonary vascular infection by inducing ACE2. Angiogenesis. 2022 05; 25(2):225-240. View Abstract
  17. A Zwitterionic Polyurethane Nanoporous Device with Low Foreign-Body Response for Islet Encapsulation. Adv Mater. 2021 Oct; 33(39):e2102852. View Abstract
  18. Targeting Nanoparticles to Bioengineered Human Vascular Networks. Nano Lett. 2021 08 11; 21(15):6609-6616. View Abstract
  19. Local Immunomodulatory Strategies to Prevent Allo-Rejection in Transplantation of Insulin-Producing Cells. Adv Sci (Weinh). 2021 09; 8(17):e2003708. View Abstract
  20. A nanofibrous encapsulation device for safe delivery of insulin-producing cells to treat type 1 diabetes. Sci Transl Med. 2021 06 02; 13(596). View Abstract
  21. Adieu to parting Editor in Chief and pioneering scientist Dr. Joyce Bischoff. Angiogenesis. 2021 05; 24(2):191-193. View Abstract
  22. A Biphasic Osteovascular Biomimetic Scaffold for Rapid and Self-Sustained Endochondral Ossification. Adv Healthc Mater. 2021 07; 10(13):e2100070. View Abstract
  23. Human endothelial colony-forming cells provide trophic support for pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes via distinctively high expression of neuregulin-1. Angiogenesis. 2021 05; 24(2):327-344. View Abstract
  24. In Vivo Vascular Network Forming Assay. Methods Mol Biol. 2021; 2206:193-203. View Abstract
  25. A comprehensive library of human transcription factors for cell fate engineering. Nat Biotechnol. 2021 04; 39(4):510-519. View Abstract
  26. Interleukin-8 Receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 Are Not Expressed by Endothelial Colony-forming Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2021 04; 17(2):628-638. View Abstract
  27. Robust differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into endothelial cells via temporal modulation of ETV2 with modified mRNA. Sci Adv. 2020 07; 6(30):eaba7606. View Abstract
  28. Illustrated State-of-the-Art Capsules of the ISTH 2020 Congress. Res Pract Thromb Haemost. 2020 Jul; 4(5):680-713. View Abstract
  29. Bioengineering hemophilia A-specific microvascular grafts for delivery of full-length factor VIII into the bloodstream. Blood Adv. 2019 12 23; 3(24):4166-4176. View Abstract
  30. Standardization of methods to quantify and culture endothelial colony-forming cells derived from peripheral blood: Position paper from the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis SSC. J Thromb Haemost. 2019 Jul; 17(7):1190-1194. View Abstract
  31. Massive generalized crystal-storing histiocytosis associated with extracellular crystalline nephropathy: clinical, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural studies of a unique disorder and review of the literature. CEN Case Rep. 2019 08; 8(3):166-172. View Abstract
  32. Bioengineering human vascular networks: trends and directions in endothelial and perivascular cell sources. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2019 Feb; 76(3):421-439. View Abstract
  33. Comparison of covalently and physically cross-linked collagen hydrogels on mediating vascular network formation for engineering adipose tissue. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol. 2018; 46(sup3):S434-S447. View Abstract
  34. Consensus guidelines for the use and interpretation of angiogenesis assays. Angiogenesis. 2018 08; 21(3):425-532. View Abstract
  35. VEGF amplifies transcription through ETS1 acetylation to enable angiogenesis. Nat Commun. 2017 08 29; 8(1):383. View Abstract
  36. Host non-inflammatory neutrophils mediate the engraftment of bioengineered vascular networks. Nat Biomed Eng. 2017; 1. View Abstract
  37. Elastomeric Fibrous Hybrid Scaffold Supports In Vitro and In Vivo Tissue Formation. Adv Funct Mater. 2017 Jul 19; 27(27). View Abstract
  38. Endothelial colony forming cells and mesenchymal progenitor cells form blood vessels and increase blood flow in ischemic muscle. Sci Rep. 2017 04 10; 7(1):770. View Abstract
  39. Endothelial Progenitors: A Consensus Statement on Nomenclature. Stem Cells Transl Med. 2017 05; 6(5):1316-1320. View Abstract
  40. Devitalized Stem Cell Microsheets for Sustainable Release of Osteogenic and Vasculogenic Growth Factors and Regulation of Anti-Inflammatory Immune Response. Adv Biosyst. 2017 Mar; 1(3). View Abstract
  41. Spatiotemporal release of BMP-2 and VEGF enhances osteogenic and vasculogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial colony-forming cells co-encapsulated in a patterned hydrogel. J Control Release. 2016 Feb 10; 223:126-136. View Abstract
  42. Bioengineering vascularized tissue constructs using an injectable cell-laden enzymatically crosslinked collagen hydrogel derived from dermal extracellular matrix. Acta Biomater. 2015 Nov; 27:151-166. View Abstract
  43. Enzymatic regulation of functional vascular networks using gelatin hydrogels. Acta Biomater. 2015 Jun; 19:85-99. View Abstract
  44. Vascular channels formed by subpopulations of PECAM1+ melanoma cells. Nat Commun. 2014 Oct 22; 5:5200. View Abstract
  45. Epicardium-to-fat transition in injured heart. Cell Res. 2014 Nov; 24(11):1367-9. View Abstract
  46. Microfluidic capture of endothelial colony-forming cells from human adult peripheral blood: phenotypic and functional validation in vivo. Tissue Eng Part C Methods. 2015 Mar; 21(3):274-83. View Abstract
  47. TM4SF1: a new vascular therapeutic target in cancer. Angiogenesis. 2014 Oct; 17(4):897-907. View Abstract
  48. Human endothelial colony-forming cells serve as trophic mediators for mesenchymal stem cell engraftment via paracrine signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Jul 15; 111(28):10137-42. View Abstract
  49. Decreased level of cord blood circulating endothelial colony-forming cells in preeclampsia. Hypertension. 2014 Jul; 64(1):165-71. View Abstract
  50. Maternal body-mass index and cord blood circulating endothelial colony-forming cells. J Pediatr. 2014 Mar; 164(3):566-571. View Abstract
  51. Transdermal regulation of vascular network bioengineering using a photopolymerizable methacrylated gelatin hydrogel. Biomaterials. 2013 Sep; 34(28):6785-96. View Abstract
  52. Human white adipose tissue vasculature contains endothelial colony-forming cells with robust in vivo vasculogenic potential. Angiogenesis. 2013 Oct; 16(4):735-44. View Abstract
  53. Inflamed tumor-associated adipose tissue is a depot for macrophages that stimulate tumor growth and angiogenesis. Angiogenesis. 2012 Sep; 15(3):481-95. View Abstract
  54. Equal modulation of endothelial cell function by four distinct tissue-specific mesenchymal stem cells. Angiogenesis. 2012 Sep; 15(3):443-55. View Abstract
  55. Functional Human Vascular Network Generated in Photocrosslinkable Gelatin Methacrylate Hydrogels. Adv Funct Mater. 2012 May 23; 22(10):2027-2039. View Abstract
  56. Fibroblast growth factor-2 facilitates rapid anastomosis formation between bioengineered human vascular networks and living vasculature. Methods. 2012 Mar; 56(3):440-51. View Abstract
  57. Induction of erythropoiesis using human vascular networks genetically engineered for controlled erythropoietin release. Blood. 2011 Nov 17; 118(20):5420-8. View Abstract
  58. Thymosin beta 4 treatment after myocardial infarction does not reprogram epicardial cells into cardiomyocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2012 Jan; 52(1):43-7. View Abstract
  59. Bioengineering human microvascular networks in immunodeficient mice. J Vis Exp. 2011 Jul 11; (53):e3065. View Abstract
  60. Adult mouse epicardium modulates myocardial injury by secreting paracrine factors. J Clin Invest. 2011 May; 121(5):1894-904. View Abstract
  61. Concise review: Vascular stem cells and tumor angiogenesis. Stem Cells. 2011 Feb; 29(2):163-8. View Abstract
  62. Type I collagen, fibrin and PuraMatrix matrices provide permissive environments for human endothelial and mesenchymal progenitor cells to form neovascular networks. J Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2011 Apr; 5(4):e74-86. View Abstract
  63. Functional endothelial progenitor cells from cryopreserved umbilical cord blood. Cell Transplant. 2011; 20(4):515-22. View Abstract
  64. Intravital molecular imaging of small-diameter tissue-engineered vascular grafts in mice: a feasibility study. Tissue Eng Part C Methods. 2010 Aug; 16(4):597-607. View Abstract
  65. Host myeloid cells are necessary for creating bioengineered human vascular networks in vivo. Tissue Eng Part A. 2010 Aug; 16(8):2457-66. View Abstract
  66. Bone marrow is a reservoir for proangiogenic myelomonocytic cells but not endothelial cells in spontaneous tumors. Blood. 2010 Oct 28; 116(17):3367-71. View Abstract
  67. In vivo monitoring of function of autologous engineered pulmonary valve. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2010 Mar; 139(3):723-31. View Abstract
  68. Methodology for optimal in vitro cell expansion in tissue engineering. Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol. 2009; 112:209-29. View Abstract
  69. Multipotential stem cells recapitulate human infantile hemangioma in immunodeficient mice. J Clin Invest. 2008 Jul; 118(7):2592-9. View Abstract
  70. Engineering robust and functional vascular networks in vivo with human adult and cord blood-derived progenitor cells. Circ Res. 2008 Jul 18; 103(2):194-202. View Abstract
  71. Chapter 13. An in vivo experimental model for postnatal vasculogenesis. Methods Enzymol. 2008; 445:303-29. View Abstract
  72. In vivo vasculogenic potential of human blood-derived endothelial progenitor cells. Blood. 2007 Jun 01; 109(11):4761-8. View Abstract
  73. Human pulmonary valve progenitor cells exhibit endothelial/mesenchymal plasticity in response to vascular endothelial growth factor-A and transforming growth factor-beta2. Circ Res. 2006 Oct 13; 99(8):861-9. View Abstract
  74. Endothelial progenitor cells from infantile hemangioma and umbilical cord blood display unique cellular responses to endostatin. Blood. 2006 Aug 01; 108(3):915-21. View Abstract
  75. Expansion of chondroprogenitor cells on macroporous microcarriers as an alternative to conventional monolayer systems. Biomaterials. 2006 May; 27(15):2970-9. View Abstract
  76. Optimal in-vitro expansion of chondroprogenitor cells in monolayer culture. Biotechnol Bioeng. 2006 Feb 20; 93(3):519-33. View Abstract

Contact Juan Melero-Martin