Information

Related Research Units

Research Overview

Dr. Ludwig is co-director of the New Balance Foundation Obesity Prevention Center. His research focuses on the effects of diet on hormones, metabolism and body weight. He developed a novel “low glycemic load” diet (i.e., one that decreases the surge in blood sugar after meals) for the treatment of obesity-related diseases. In addition, his group has done some of the original studies linking sugar-sweetened beverages and fast food to excessive weight gain, heart disease and type 2 diabetes.

Dr Ludwig founded the Optimal Weight for Life (OWL) program at Children's Hospital, one of the country’s oldest and largest multidisciplinary clinics for the care of overweight children. OWL serves as a home for research into innovative approaches to treatment childhood obesity.

Dr. Ludwig is Principal Investigator on numerous grants from the National Institutes of Health, has published over 150 scientific articles, and served for 10 years as Contributing Writer for JAMA.

Dr. Ludwig has written 3 books for the public, including Ending the Food fight (2007), Always Hungry? (2016) and the cookbook Always Delicious (2018)

Research Background

David Ludwig received a PhD and an MD from Stanford University School of Medicine. He completed an internship and residency in pediatrics and a fellowship in pediatric endocrinology at Boston Children's Hospital.

 

Publications

  1. Sugar-sweetened or artificially sweetened beverage consumption, physical activity and risk of type 2 diabetes in US adults. Diabetologia. 2025 Jan 08. View Abstract
  2. The fatal threat of carryover effects to the validity of crossover dietary trials. Am J Clin Nutr. 2025 Jan; 121(1):179-180. View Abstract
  3. Arsenic exposure is associated with elevated sweat chloride concentration and airflow obstruction among adults in Bangladesh: a cross sectional study. medRxiv. 2024 Sep 26. View Abstract
  4. Safety and tolerability of a low glycemic load dietary intervention in adults with cystic fibrosis: a pilot study. Front Nutr. 2024; 11:1441201. View Abstract
  5. Arsenic exposure and measures of glucose tolerance in Bangladeshi adults: A cross-sectional study. Environ Epidemiol. 2024 Oct; 8(5):e330. View Abstract
  6. On the pathogenesis of obesity: causal models and missing pieces of the puzzle. Nat Metab. 2024 Oct; 6(10):1856-1865. View Abstract
  7. Trapped fat: Obesity pathogenesis as an intrinsic disorder in metabolic fuel partitioning. Obes Rev. 2024 Oct; 25(10):e13795. View Abstract
  8. Reply to JT Gonzalez et al. and M Kaminski and P Jarecki. Am J Clin Nutr. 2024 07; 120(1):278-279. View Abstract
  9. Caution needed on causal inferences in obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2024 07; 32(7):1227-1228. View Abstract
  10. Corrigendum to "Physiologic Adaptation to Macronutrient Change Distorts Findings from Short Dietary Trials: Reanalysis of a Metabolic Ward Study" [J Nutr 154 (2024) 1080-1086]. J Nutr. 2024 Apr; 154(4):1486. View Abstract
  11. Corrigendum to 'Sugar-sweetened or artificially-sweetened beverage consumption, physical activity, and risk of cardiovascular disease in adults: a prospective cohort study'The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition volume 119 issue 3 (2024) 669-681. Am J Clin Nutr. 2024 May; 119(5):1376. View Abstract
  12. Reply to P Phalak et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2024 04; 119(4):1092-1093. View Abstract
  13. Design and conduct of a randomized controlled feeding trial in a residential setting with mitigation for COVID-19. Contemp Clin Trials. 2024 05; 140:107490. View Abstract
  14. Reply to C M Sciarrillo et al. J Nutr. 2024 03; 154(3):1061-1063. View Abstract
  15. Increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol on a low-carbohydrate diet in adults with normal but not high body weight: A meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2024 03; 119(3):740-747. View Abstract
  16. Sugar-sweetened or artificially-sweetened beverage consumption, physical activity, and risk of cardiovascular disease in adults: a prospective cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2024 03; 119(3):669-681. View Abstract
  17. Physiologic Adaptation to Macronutrient Change Distorts Findings from Short Dietary Trials: Reanalysis of a Metabolic Ward Study. J Nutr. 2024 04; 154(4):1080-1086. View Abstract
  18. Association between changes in carbohydrate intake and long term weight changes: prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2023 09 27; 382:e073939. View Abstract
  19. Low-fat diet Redux at WHO. Am J Clin Nutr. 2023 11; 118(5):849-851. View Abstract
  20. Carbohydrate-insulin model: does the conventional view of obesity reverse cause and effect? Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2023 10 23; 378(1888):20220211. View Abstract
  21. Childhood Obesity at the Crossroads of Science and Social Justice. JAMA. 2023 06 13; 329(22):1909-1910. View Abstract
  22. Obesogens and Obesity: State-of-the-Science and Future Directions Summary from a Healthy Environment and Endocrine Disruptors Strategies Workshop. Am J Clin Nutr. 2023 07; 118(1):329-337. View Abstract
  23. Sugar- or artificially-sweetened beverage consumption, physical activity, and risk of cardiovascular disease in US adults. medRxiv. 2023 Apr 24. View Abstract
  24. Monitoring body composition change for intervention studies with advancing 3D optical imaging technology in comparison to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Am J Clin Nutr. 2023 04; 117(4):802-813. View Abstract
  25. Evidence for the carbohydrate-insulin model in a reanalysis of the Diet Intervention Examining The Factors Interacting with Treatment Success (DIETFITS) trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2023 03; 117(3):599-606. View Abstract
  26. Treatment for Childhood Obesity: Using a Biological Model to Inform Dietary Targets. J Pediatr. 2023 04; 255:22-29. View Abstract
  27. Are methods of estimating fat-free mass loss with energy-restricted diets accurate? Eur J Clin Nutr. 2023 05; 77(5):525-531. View Abstract
  28. Competing paradigms of obesity pathogenesis: energy balance versus carbohydrate-insulin models. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2022 09; 76(9):1209-1221. View Abstract
  29. Carbohydrates, Insulin Secretion, and "Precision Nutrition". Diabetes Care. 2022 06 02; 45(6):1303-1305. View Abstract
  30. Reply to M Mindrum and J Moore et al. Curr Dev Nutr. 2022 May; 6(5):nzac029. View Abstract
  31. The Lipid Energy Model: Reimagining Lipoprotein Function in the Context of Carbohydrate-Restricted Diets. Metabolites. 2022 May 20; 12(5). View Abstract
  32. Obesity and Impaired Metabolic Health Increase Risk of COVID-19-Related Mortality in Young and Middle-Aged Adults to the Level Observed in Older People: The LEOSS Registry. Front Med (Lausanne). 2022; 9:875430. View Abstract
  33. An integrated model of obesity pathogenesis that revisits causal direction. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2022 05; 18(5):261-262. View Abstract
  34. Cultural consensus and intracultural diversity in ethnotaxonomy: lessons from a fishing community in Northeast Brazil. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2022 Mar 27; 18(1):25. View Abstract
  35. Reply to R Kirwan et al. Curr Dev Nutr. 2022 May; 6(5):nzac038. View Abstract
  36. Stimulated Insulin Secretion Predicts Changes in Body Composition Following Weight Loss in Adults with High BMI. J Nutr. 2022 03 03; 152(3):655-662. View Abstract
  37. Prolonged Glycemic Adaptation Following Transition From a Low- to High-Carbohydrate Diet: A Randomized Controlled Feeding Trial. Diabetes Care. 2022 03 01; 45(3):576-584. View Abstract
  38. A high-carbohydrate diet lowers the rate of adipose tissue mitochondrial respiration. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2022 09; 76(9):1339-1342. View Abstract
  39. Reply to A Drewnowski et al, O Devinsky, D A Booth and E L Gibson, and D J Millward. Am J Clin Nutr. 2022 02 09; 115(2):595-597. View Abstract
  40. Reply to DA Booth. J Nutr. 2022 02 08; 152(2):641-642. View Abstract
  41. Errors and incorrect conclusions need correction in "The low-carbohydrate-diet score is associated with resting metabolic rate: an epidemiologic study among Iranian adults". J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2022 Jun; 21(1):1189-1190. View Abstract
  42. Effects of a low-carbohydrate diet on insulin-resistant dyslipoproteinemia-a randomized controlled feeding trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2022 01 11; 115(1):154-162. View Abstract
  43. The carbohydrate-insulin model: a physiological perspective on the obesity pandemic. Am J Clin Nutr. 2021 12 01; 114(6):1873-1885. View Abstract
  44. Dietary trials on chronic disease: learning from the past to avoid repeating it. Am J Clin Nutr. 2021 12 01; 114(6):2119-2120. View Abstract
  45. Elevated LDL Cholesterol with a Carbohydrate-Restricted Diet: Evidence for a "Lean Mass Hyper-Responder" Phenotype. Curr Dev Nutr. 2022 Jan; 6(1):nzab144. View Abstract
  46. Behavioral Characteristics and Self-Reported Health Status among 2029 Adults Consuming a "Carnivore Diet". Curr Dev Nutr. 2021 Dec; 5(12):nzab133. View Abstract
  47. Letter to the Editor: Reply to Guyenet and Hall. J Nutr. 2021 08 07; 151(8):2497-2498. View Abstract
  48. Diets Varying in Carbohydrate Content Differentially Alter Brain Activity in Homeostatic and Reward Regions in Adults. J Nutr. 2021 08 07; 151(8):2465-2476. View Abstract
  49. Reply to R Prentice et al. J Nutr. 2021 06 01; 151(6):1674. View Abstract
  50. Do Lower-Carbohydrate Diets Increase Total Energy Expenditure? An Updated and Reanalyzed Meta-Analysis of 29 Controlled-Feeding Studies. J Nutr. 2021 03 11; 151(3):482-490. View Abstract
  51. A standard calculation methodology for human doubly labeled water studies. Cell Rep Med. 2021 02 16; 2(2):100203. View Abstract
  52. Carbohydrate restriction for diabetes: rediscovering centuries-old wisdom. J Clin Invest. 2021 01 04; 131(1). View Abstract
  53. Laboratory biomarkers associated with COVID-19 severity and management. Clin Immunol. 2020 12; 221:108614. View Abstract
  54. Reply to S Joshi. J Nutr. 2020 10 12; 150(10):2836-2837. View Abstract
  55. Energy Requirement Is Higher During Weight-Loss Maintenance in Adults Consuming a Low- Compared with High-Carbohydrate Diet. J Nutr. 2020 08 01; 150(8):2009-2015. View Abstract
  56. Effects of Sugar-Sweetened, Artificially Sweetened, and Unsweetened Beverages on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Body Composition, and Sweet Taste Preference: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020 08 04; 9(15):e015668. View Abstract
  57. Obesity and impaired metabolic health in patients with COVID-19. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2020 07; 16(7):341-342. View Abstract
  58. JCL roundtable: Low-carbohydrate diets. J Clin Lipidol. 2020 Jul - Aug; 14(4):384-395. View Abstract
  59. Milk and Health. Reply. N Engl J Med. 2020 06 04; 382(23):e86. View Abstract
  60. The Ketogenic Diet: Evidence for Optimism but High-Quality Research Needed. J Nutr. 2020 06 01; 150(6):1354-1359. View Abstract
  61. A novel cohorting and isolation strategy for suspected COVID-19 cases during a pandemic. J Hosp Infect. 2020 Aug; 105(4):632-637. View Abstract
  62. Effects of Dietary Carbohydrate Content on Circulating Metabolic Fuel Availability in the Postprandial State. J Endocr Soc. 2020 Jul 01; 4(7):bvaa062. View Abstract
  63. Testing the carbohydrate-insulin model of obesity in a 5-month feeding study: the perils of post-hoc participant exclusions. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2020 07; 74(7):1109-1112. View Abstract
  64. Milk and Health. N Engl J Med. 2020 Feb 13; 382(7):644-654. View Abstract
  65. Testing the carbohydrate-insulin model in mice: The importance of distinguishing primary hyperinsulinemia from insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction. Mol Metab. 2020 05; 35:100960. View Abstract
  66. Knowledge and debate in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition: new sections, new science, and looking forward and outward. Am J Clin Nutr. 2020 01 01; 111(1):1-3. View Abstract
  67. Discrepancies in the Registries of Diet vs Drug Trials. JAMA Netw Open. 2019 11 01; 2(11):e1915360. View Abstract
  68. Methodological error in measurement of energy expenditure by the doubly labeled water method: much ado about nothing? Am J Clin Nutr. 2019 11 01; 110(5):1253-1254. View Abstract
  69. Improving the Quality of Dietary Research. JAMA. 2019 Oct 22; 322(16):1549-1550. View Abstract
  70. Scientific discourse in the era of open science: a response to Hall et al. regarding the Carbohydrate-Insulin Model. Int J Obes (Lond). 2019 12; 43(12):2355-2360. View Abstract
  71. Ultra-Processed Food and Obesity: The Pitfalls of Extrapolation from Short Studies. Cell Metab. 2019 07 02; 30(1):3-4. View Abstract
  72. Dietary fat: From foe to friend? Science. 2018 11 16; 362(6416):764-770. View Abstract
  73. Effects of a low carbohydrate diet on energy expenditure during weight loss maintenance: randomized trial. BMJ. 2018 11 14; 363:k4583. View Abstract
  74. 90th Anniversary Commentary: Obesity among Offspring of US Immigrants: After 20 Years, a Need to Safeguard Children from the Obesogenic Environment. J Nutr. 2018 10 01; 148(10):1674-1677. View Abstract
  75. The Carbohydrate-Insulin Model of Obesity: Beyond "Calories In, Calories Out". JAMA Intern Med. 2018 08 01; 178(8):1098-1103. View Abstract
  76. Authors' Response. Pediatrics. 2018 08; 142(2). View Abstract
  77. An Academia-Industry Partnership for Planning and Executing a Community-Based Feeding Study. Curr Dev Nutr. 2018 Sep; 2(9):nzy060. View Abstract
  78. Conflicts of Interest in Nutrition Research. JAMA. 2018 07 03; 320(1):93. View Abstract
  79. Incorrect analyses were used in "Different enteral nutrition formulas have no effect on glucose homeostasis but on diet-induced thermogenesis in critically ill medical patients: a randomized controlled trial" and corrected analyses are requested. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2019 01; 73(1):152-153. View Abstract
  80. Dietary carbohydrates: role of quality and quantity in chronic disease. BMJ. 2018 Jun 13; 361:k2340. View Abstract
  81. Management of Type 1 Diabetes With a Very Low-Carbohydrate Diet. Pediatrics. 2018 06; 141(6). View Abstract
  82. Source of bias in sugar-sweetened beverage research: a systematic review. Public Health Nutr. 2018 08; 21(12):2345-2350. View Abstract
  83. Epidemic Childhood Obesity: Not Yet the End of the Beginning. Pediatrics. 2018 03; 141(3). View Abstract
  84. Genetic Evidence That Carbohydrate-Stimulated Insulin Secretion Leads to Obesity. Clin Chem. 2018 01; 64(1):192-200. View Abstract
  85. A randomized study of dietary composition during weight-loss maintenance: Rationale, study design, intervention, and assessment. Contemp Clin Trials. 2018 02; 65:76-86. View Abstract
  86. Dietary Fat: Friend or Foe? Clin Chem. 2018 01; 64(1):34-41. View Abstract
  87. Carbohydrate-last meal pattern lowers postprandial glucose and insulin excursions in type 2 diabetes. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2017; 5(1):e000440. View Abstract
  88. Hepatic, adipocyte, enteric and pancreatic hormones: response to dietary macronutrient composition and relationship with metabolism. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2017; 14:44. View Abstract
  89. Effects of Advice to Drink 8 Cups of Water per Day in Adolescents With Overweight or Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Pediatr. 2017 05 01; 171(5):e170012. View Abstract
  90. Glycemic index is as reliable as macronutrients on food labels. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017 03; 105(3):768-769. View Abstract
  91. Metabolomic profiles as reliable biomarkers of dietary composition. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017 03; 105(3):547-554. View Abstract
  92. Calorically restricted diets decrease PCSK9 in overweight adolescents. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2017 Apr; 27(4):342-349. View Abstract
  93. Lowering the Bar on the Low-Fat Diet. JAMA. 2016 Nov 22; 316(20):2087-2088. View Abstract
  94. Creating an integrated care model for childhood obesity: a randomized pilot study utilizing telehealth in a community primary care setting. Clin Obes. 2016 Dec; 6(6):380-388. View Abstract
  95. Raising the bar on the low-carbohydrate diet. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016 11; 104(5):1487-1488. View Abstract
  96. A telephone intervention to achieve differentiation in dietary intake: a randomized trial in paediatric primary care. Pediatr Obes. 2017 12; 12(6):494-501. View Abstract
  97. Outcomes from an orientation model to reduce attrition in paediatric weight management. Clin Obes. 2016 Oct; 6(5):313-20. View Abstract
  98. Lifespan Weighed Down by Diet. JAMA. 2016 Jun 07; 315(21):2269-70. View Abstract
  99. Measurement of the centrality dependence of the charged-particle pseudorapidity distribution in proton-lead collisions at [Formula: see text] TeV with the ATLAS detector. Eur Phys J C Part Fields. 2016; 76(4):199. View Abstract
  100. Correction: Changes in Intake of Fruits and Vegetables and Weight Change in United States Men and Women Followed for Up to 24 Years: Analysis from Three Prospective Cohort Studies. PLoS Med. 2016 Jan; 13(1):e1001956. View Abstract
  101. Dietary Cholesterol and Blood Cholesterol Concentrations-Reply. JAMA. 2015 Nov 17; 314(19):2084-5. View Abstract
  102. Effect of low-fat diet interventions versus other diet interventions on long-term weight change in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2015 Dec; 3(12):968-79. View Abstract
  103. Changes in Intake of Fruits and Vegetables and Weight Change in United States Men and Women Followed for Up to 24 Years: Analysis from Three Prospective Cohort Studies. PLoS Med. 2015 Sep; 12(9):e1001878. View Abstract
  104. Relationship of insulin dynamics to body composition and resting energy expenditure following weight loss. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2015 Nov; 23(11):2216-22. View Abstract
  105. Providing food to treat adolescents at risk for cardiovascular disease. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2015 Oct; 23(10):2109-17. View Abstract
  106. Physical changes in the home environment to reduce television viewing and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among 5- to 12-year-old children: a randomized pilot study. Pediatr Obes. 2016 10; 11(5):e12-5. View Abstract
  107. A randomized pilot study of dietary treatments for polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents. Pediatr Obes. 2016 06; 11(3):210-20. View Abstract
  108. The 2015 US Dietary Guidelines: Lifting the Ban on Total Dietary Fat. JAMA. 2015 Jun 23-30; 313(24):2421-2. View Abstract
  109. The glycemic index: Reports of its demise have been exaggerated. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2015 Jul; 23(7):1327-8. View Abstract
  110. Changes in intake of protein foods, carbohydrate amount and quality, and long-term weight change: results from 3 prospective cohorts. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Jun; 101(6):1216-24. View Abstract
  111. Multi-component molecular-level body composition reference methods: evolving concepts and future directions. Obes Rev. 2015 Apr; 16(4):282-94. View Abstract
  112. Taxes and subsidies to improve diet--reply. JAMA. 2015 Jan 20; 313(3):308. View Abstract
  113. Jet energy measurement and its systematic uncertainty in proton-proton collisions at [Formula: see text] TeV with the ATLAS detector. Eur Phys J C Part Fields. 2015; 75:17. View Abstract
  114. Effects of sodium benzoate, a widely used food preservative, on glucose homeostasis and metabolic profiles in humans. Mol Genet Metab. 2015 Jan; 114(1):73-9. View Abstract
  115. Muon reconstruction efficiency and momentum resolution of the ATLAS experiment in proton-proton collisions at [Formula: see text] TeV in 2010. Eur Phys J C Part Fields. 2014; 74(9):3034. View Abstract
  116. The real cost of food: can taxes and subsidies improve public health? JAMA. 2014 Sep 03; 312(9):889-90. View Abstract
  117. The differential production cross section of the [Formula: see text](1020) meson in [Formula: see text] = 7 TeV [Formula: see text] collisions measured with the ATLAS detector. Eur Phys J C Part Fields. 2014; 74(7):2895. View Abstract
  118. Increasing adiposity: consequence or cause of overeating? JAMA. 2014 Jun 04; 311(21):2167-8. View Abstract
  119. Search for quantum black hole production in high-invariant-mass lepton+jet final states using pp collisions at vs=8? TeV and the ATLAS detector. Phys Rev Lett. 2014 Mar 07; 112(9):091804. View Abstract
  120. Search for dark matter in events with a hadronically decaying W or Z boson and missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at vs=8??TeV with the ATLAS detector. Phys Rev Lett. 2014 Jan 31; 112(4):041802. View Abstract
  121. Measurement of jet shapes in top-quark pair events at [Formula: see text] using the ATLAS detector. Eur Phys J C Part Fields. 2013; 73(12):2676. View Abstract
  122. Measurement of top quark polarization in top-antitop events from proton-proton collisions at vs=7??TeV using the ATLAS detector. Phys Rev Lett. 2013 Dec 06; 111(23):232002. View Abstract
  123. Hysteria, race, and phlogiston. A model of ontological elimination in the human sciences. Stud Hist Philos Biol Biomed Sci. 2014 Mar; 45:68-77. View Abstract
  124. How early should obesity prevention start? N Engl J Med. 2013 Dec 05; 369(23):2173-5. View Abstract
  125. Measurement of the azimuthal angle dependence of inclusive jet yields in Pb+Pb collisions at v(sNN)=2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector. Phys Rev Lett. 2013 Oct 11; 111(15):152301. View Abstract
  126. Pregnancy weight gain and childhood body weight: a within-family comparison. PLoS Med. 2013 Oct; 10(10):e1001521. View Abstract
  127. Three daily servings of reduced-fat milk: an evidence-based recommendation? JAMA Pediatr. 2013 Sep; 167(9):788-9. View Abstract
  128. Improved luminosity determination in pp collisions at [Formula: see text] using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Eur Phys J C Part Fields. 2013; 73(8):2518. View Abstract
  129. Measurement of the inclusive jet cross-section in pp collisions at [Formula: see text] and comparison to the inclusive jet cross-section at [Formula: see text] using the ATLAS detector. Eur Phys J C Part Fields. 2013; 73(8):2509. View Abstract
  130. Examining the health effects of fructose. JAMA. 2013 Jul 03; 310(1):33-4. View Abstract
  131. Effects of dietary glycemic index on brain regions related to reward and craving in men. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013 Sep; 98(3):641-7. View Abstract
  132. Breakfast frequency and development of metabolic risk. Diabetes Care. 2013 Oct; 36(10):3100-6. View Abstract
  133. Search for a light charged Higgs boson in the decay channel [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] events using pp collisions at [Formula: see text] with the ATLAS detector. Eur Phys J C Part Fields. 2013; 73(6):2465. View Abstract
  134. A low-glycemic-load versus low-fat diet in the treatment of fatty liver in obese children. Child Obes. 2013 Jun; 9(3):252-60. View Abstract
  135. Measurement of kT splitting scales in W?l? events at [Formula: see text] with the ATLAS detector. Eur Phys J C Part Fields. 2013; 73(5):2432. View Abstract
  136. Observation of associated near-side and away-side long-range correlations in sqrt[s(NN)]=5.02 TeV proton-lead collisions with the ATLAS detector. Phys Rev Lett. 2013 May 03; 110(18):182302. View Abstract
  137. Multi-channel search for squarks and gluinos in [Formula: see text]pp collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Eur Phys J C Part Fields. 2013; 73(3):2362. View Abstract
  138. Effects of diet composition on postprandial energy availability during weight loss maintenance. PLoS One. 2013; 8(3):e58172. View Abstract
  139. Jet energy resolution in proton-proton collisions at [Formula: see text] recorded in 2010 with the ATLAS detector. Eur Phys J C Part Fields. 2013; 73(3):2306. View Abstract
  140. Measurement of the [Formula: see text] production cross section in the tau + jets channel using the ATLAS detector. Eur Phys J C Part Fields. 2013; 73(3):2328. View Abstract
  141. Curbing gun violence: lessons from public health successes. JAMA. 2013 Feb 13; 309(6):551-2. View Abstract
  142. Sugar-sweetened beverages, genetic risk, and obesity. N Engl J Med. 2013 01 17; 368(3):287. View Abstract
  143. Science souring on sugar. BMJ. 2013 Jan 15; 346:e8077. View Abstract
  144. Measurement of Z boson production in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt[s(NN)]=2.76??TeV with the ATLAS detector. Phys Rev Lett. 2013 Jan 11; 110(2):022301. View Abstract
  145. Identifying whole grain foods: a comparison of different approaches for selecting more healthful whole grain products. Public Health Nutr. 2013 Dec; 16(12):2255-64. View Abstract
  146. Search for dark matter candidates and large extra dimensions in events with a photon and missing transverse momentum in pp collision data at sqrt[s]=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector. Phys Rev Lett. 2013 Jan 04; 110(1):011802. View Abstract
  147. Search for magnetic monopoles in sqrt[s]=7??TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector. Phys Rev Lett. 2012 Dec 28; 109(26):261803. View Abstract
  148. Opportunities to reduce childhood hunger and obesity: restructuring the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (the Food Stamp Program). JAMA. 2012 Dec 26; 308(24):2567-8. View Abstract
  149. Effects of a low glycemic load or a low-fat dietary intervention on body weight in obese Hispanic American children and adolescents: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013 Feb; 97(2):276-85. View Abstract
  150. Search for a supersymmetric partner to the top quark in final states with jets and missing transverse momentum at sqrt[s] = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector. Phys Rev Lett. 2012 Nov 21; 109(21):211802. View Abstract
  151. Search for direct top squark pair production in final states with one isolated lepton, jets, and missing transverse momentum in sqrt[s] = 7 TeV pp collisions using 4.7 fb(-10 of ATLAS data. Phys Rev Lett. 2012 Nov 21; 109(21):211803. View Abstract
  152. A randomized trial of sugar-sweetened beverages and adolescent body weight. N Engl J Med. 2012 Oct 11; 367(15):1407-16. View Abstract
  153. Surgical vs lifestyle treatment for type 2 diabetes. JAMA. 2012 Sep 12; 308(10):981-2. View Abstract
  154. A search for [Formula: see text] resonances with the ATLAS detector in 2.05 fb-1 of proton-proton collisions at [Formula: see text]. Eur Phys J C Part Fields. 2012; 72(7):2083. View Abstract
  155. Search for supersymmetry in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in v[s]=7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector. Phys Rev Lett. 2012 Jun 29; 108(26):261804. View Abstract
  156. Effects of dietary composition on energy expenditure during weight-loss maintenance. JAMA. 2012 Jun 27; 307(24):2627-34. View Abstract
  157. Search for lepton flavour violation in the eµ continuum with the ATLAS detector in [Formula: see text]pp collisions at the LHC. Eur Phys J C Part Fields. 2012; 72(6):2040. View Abstract
  158. Estimated morbidity and mortality in adolescents and young adults diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med. 2012 Apr; 29(4):453-63. View Abstract
  159. Weight loss strategies for adolescents: a 14-year-old struggling to lose weight. JAMA. 2012 Feb 01; 307(5):498-508. View Abstract
  160. Health-related quality of life in adolescents with or at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Pediatr. 2012 Jun; 160(6):911-7. View Abstract
  161. Ask the doctor. More and more nutrition advice seems to be anti-sugar these days. So are artificial sweetners a good alternative? Harv Health Lett. 2011 Dec; 37(2):1. View Abstract
  162. Continuous glucose monitoring to assess the ecologic validity of dietary glycemic index and glycemic load. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Dec; 94(6):1519-24. View Abstract
  163. Joint association of glycemic load and alcohol intake with type 2 diabetes incidence in women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Dec; 94(6):1525-32. View Abstract
  164. The 2010 Dietary Guidelines--the best recipe for health? N Engl J Med. 2011 Oct 27; 365(17):1563-5. View Abstract
  165. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, soda, and USDA policy: who benefits? JAMA. 2011 Sep 28; 306(12):1370-1. View Abstract
  166. Nutrition attitudes and knowledge in medical students after completion of an integrated nutrition curriculum compared to a dedicated nutrition curriculum: a quasi-experimental study. BMC Med Educ. 2011 Aug 12; 11:58. View Abstract
  167. Conversation with a Harvard expert. Dr. David S. Ludwig is a nutrition and obesity researcher at Harvard-affiliated Children's Hospital Boston. His research has focused on the harmful health effects of high-glycemic load foods. He is author of "Ending the Food Fight," a book about children's nutrition and weight. Harv Health Lett. 2011 Aug; 36(10):3. View Abstract
  168. State intervention in life-threatening childhood obesity. JAMA. 2011 Jul 13; 306(2):206-7. View Abstract
  169. Preferences for type 2 diabetes health states among adolescents with or at risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Pediatr Diabetes. 2011 Dec; 12(8):724-32. View Abstract
  170. Technology, diet, and the burden of chronic disease. JAMA. 2011 Apr 06; 305(13):1352-3. View Abstract
  171. Effects of high and low glycemic load meals on energy intake, satiety and hunger in obese Hispanic-American youth. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2011 Jun; 6(2-2):e523-31. View Abstract
  172. Targeting dietary fat or glycemic load in the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2011 Apr; 92(1):37-45. View Abstract
  173. Weight-loss maintenance--mind over matter? N Engl J Med. 2010 Nov 25; 363(22):2159-61. View Abstract
  174. Pediatric obesity prevention initiatives: more questions than answers. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2010 Nov; 164(11):1067-9. View Abstract
  175. Effects of a low-glycemic load diet in overweight and obese pregnant women: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Dec; 92(6):1306-15. View Abstract
  176. Dietary guidelines in the 21st century--a time for food. JAMA. 2010 Aug 11; 304(6):681-2. View Abstract
  177. The association between pregnancy weight gain and birthweight: a within-family comparison. Lancet. 2010 Sep 18; 376(9745):984-90. View Abstract
  178. Influence of body mass index on outcome of pediatric chronic hepatitis C virus infection. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2010 Aug; 51(2):191-7. View Abstract
  179. Bring back home economics education. JAMA. 2010 May 12; 303(18):1857-8. View Abstract
  180. Personal responsibility and obesity: a constructive approach to a controversial issue. Health Aff (Millwood). 2010 Mar-Apr; 29(3):379-87. View Abstract
  181. Front-of-package food labels: public health or propaganda? JAMA. 2010 Feb 24; 303(8):771-2. View Abstract
  182. Training in childhood obesity management in the United States: a survey of pediatric, internal medicine-pediatrics and family medicine residency program directors. BMC Med Educ. 2010 Feb 17; 10:18. View Abstract
  183. Extra calories cause weight gain--but how much? JAMA. 2010 Jan 06; 303(1):65-6. View Abstract
  184. Artificially sweetened beverages: cause for concern. JAMA. 2009 Dec 09; 302(22):2477-8. View Abstract
  185. The public health and economic benefits of taxing sugar-sweetened beverages. N Engl J Med. 2009 Oct 15; 361(16):1599-605. View Abstract
  186. Public health action amid scientific uncertainty: the case of restaurant calorie labeling regulations. JAMA. 2009 Jul 22; 302(4):434-5. View Abstract
  187. Acute effects of dietary glycemic index on antioxidant capacity in a nutrient-controlled feeding study. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009 Sep; 17(9):1664-70. View Abstract
  188. Nutritively sweetened beverages and obesity. JAMA. 2009 Jun 03; 301(21):2209-10; author reply 2210-1. View Abstract
  189. Obesity: Guiding the management of pediatric obesity. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2009 May; 5(5):247-9. View Abstract
  190. Impact of change in sweetened caloric beverage consumption on energy intake among children and adolescents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2009 Apr; 163(4):336-43. View Abstract
  191. Clinical trial: cyclophosphamide pulse therapy - a promising therapeutic alternative in refractory Crohn's disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Jun 15; 29(12):1230-9. View Abstract
  192. Obesity and the economy: from crisis to opportunity. JAMA. 2009 Feb 04; 301(5):533-5. View Abstract
  193. The importance of biodiversity to medicine. JAMA. 2008 Nov 19; 300(19):2297-9. View Abstract
  194. Can the food industry play a constructive role in the obesity epidemic? JAMA. 2008 Oct 15; 300(15):1808-11. View Abstract
  195. Storm over statins--the controversy surrounding pharmacologic treatment of children. N Engl J Med. 2008 Sep 25; 359(13):1309-12. View Abstract
  196. Mindfulness in medicine. JAMA. 2008 Sep 17; 300(11):1350-2. View Abstract
  197. Long-term effects of dietary glycemic index on adiposity, energy metabolism, and physical activity in mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Nov; 295(5):E1126-31. View Abstract
  198. Effects of replacing the habitual consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages with milk in Chilean children. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Sep; 88(3):605-11. View Abstract
  199. A paradoxical signal intensity increase in fatty livers using opposed-phase gradient echo imaging with fat-suppression pulses. Pediatr Radiol. 2008 Oct; 38(10):1099-104. View Abstract
  200. Tracking pediatric obesity: an index of uncertainty? JAMA. 2008 May 28; 299(20):2442-3. View Abstract
  201. A novel interaction between dietary composition and insulin secretion: effects on weight gain in the Quebec Family Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Feb; 87(2):303-9. View Abstract
  202. Weighing the data in studies of the glycaemic index. Int J Obes (Lond). 2008 Jul; 32(7):1190. View Abstract
  203. Childhood obesity--the shape of things to come. N Engl J Med. 2007 Dec 06; 357(23):2325-7. View Abstract
  204. Recommendations for treatment of child and adolescent overweight and obesity. Pediatrics. 2007 Dec; 120 Suppl 4:S254-88. View Abstract
  205. Childhood obesity as a chronic disease: keeping the weight off. JAMA. 2007 Oct 10; 298(14):1695-6. View Abstract
  206. Hepatic steatosis and increased adiposity in mice consuming rapidly vs. slowly absorbed carbohydrate. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007 Sep; 15(9):2190-9. View Abstract
  207. Pediatric obesity management: variation by specialty and awareness of guidelines. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2007 Jul; 46(6):491-504. View Abstract
  208. Effects of a low-glycemic load vs low-fat diet in obese young adults: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2007 May 16; 297(19):2092-102. View Abstract
  209. Altering portion sizes and eating rate to attenuate gorging during a fast food meal: effects on energy intake. Pediatrics. 2007 May; 119(5):869-75. View Abstract
  210. Putting your genes on a diet: the molecular effects of carbohydrate. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 May; 85(5):1169-70. View Abstract
  211. Eating disorder pathology among overweight treatment-seeking youth: clinical correlates and cross-sectional risk modeling. Behav Res Ther. 2007 Oct; 45(10):2360-71. View Abstract
  212. Clinical update: the low-glycaemic-index diet. Lancet. 2007 Mar 17; 369(9565):890-2. View Abstract
  213. Accuracy of administrative coding for type 2 diabetes in children, adolescents, and young adults. Diabetes Care. 2007 Jan; 30(1):141-3. View Abstract
  214. Relationship between funding source and conclusion among nutrition-related scientific articles. PLoS Med. 2007 Jan; 4(1):e5. View Abstract
  215. Inflammation and changes in metabolic syndrome abnormalities in US adolescents: findings from the 1988-1994 and 1999-2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Clin Chem. 2006 Jul; 52(7):1325-30. View Abstract
  216. When children eat what they watch: impact of television viewing on dietary intake in youth. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006 Apr; 160(4):436-42. View Abstract
  217. Effects of decreasing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption on body weight in adolescents: a randomized, controlled pilot study. Pediatrics. 2006 Mar; 117(3):673-80. View Abstract
  218. Screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents: attitudes, barriers, and practices among pediatric clinicians. Ambul Pediatr. 2006 Mar-Apr; 6(2):110-4. View Abstract
  219. Influence of glycemic index/load on glycemic response, appetite, and food intake in healthy humans. Diabetes Care. 2006 Feb; 29(2):474; author reply 475-6. View Abstract
  220. Radial pulse character relationships to systolic blood pressure and trauma outcomes. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2005 Oct-Dec; 9(4):423-8. View Abstract
  221. Overweight children and adolescents. N Engl J Med. 2005 Sep 08; 353(10):1070-1; author reply 1070-1. View Abstract
  222. Effect of low-dose insulin treatment on body weight and physical development in children and adolescents at risk for type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2005 Aug; 28(8):1948-53. View Abstract
  223. The insulin-like growth factor axis: a potential link between glycemic index and cancer. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Aug; 82(2):277-8. View Abstract
  224. Cell-based selection of internalizing fully human antagonistic antibodies directed against FLT3 for suppression of leukemia cell growth. Leukemia. 2005 Aug; 19(8):1432-8. View Abstract
  225. Misdirection on the road to Shangri-La. Sci Aging Knowledge Environ. 2005 Jul 13; 2005(28):pe15. View Abstract
  226. Misdirection on the road to Shangri-La. Sci Aging Knowledge Environ. 2005 Jun 01; 2005(22):pe15. View Abstract
  227. Effects of an ad libitum low-glycemic load diet on cardiovascular disease risk factors in obese young adults. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 May; 81(5):976-82. View Abstract
  228. Peering into the future of American longevity. Discov Med. 2005 Apr; 5(26):130-4. View Abstract
  229. A potential decline in life expectancy in the United States in the 21st century. N Engl J Med. 2005 Mar 17; 352(11):1138-45. View Abstract
  230. Best practice guidelines in pediatric/adolescent weight loss surgery. Obes Res. 2005 Feb; 13(2):274-82. View Abstract
  231. Fast-food habits, weight gain, and insulin resistance (the CARDIA study): 15-year prospective analysis. Lancet. 2005 Jan 1-7; 365(9453):36-42. View Abstract
  232. Effects of a low-glycemic load diet on resting energy expenditure and heart disease risk factors during weight loss. JAMA. 2004 Nov 24; 292(20):2482-90. View Abstract
  233. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in American adolescents: findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Circulation. 2004 Oct 19; 110(16):2494-7. View Abstract
  234. Carbohydrates and the postprandial state: have our cake and eat it too? Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Oct; 80(4):797-8. View Abstract
  235. Effects of dietary glycaemic index on adiposity, glucose homoeostasis, and plasma lipids in animals. Lancet. 2004 Aug 28-Sep 3; 364(9436):778-85. View Abstract
  236. Programming obesity in childhood. Lancet. 2004 Jul 17-23; 364(9430):226-7. View Abstract
  237. Compensation for energy intake from fast food among overweight and lean adolescents. JAMA. 2004 Jun 16; 291(23):2828-33. View Abstract
  238. Effects of fast-food consumption on energy intake and diet quality among children in a national household survey. Pediatrics. 2004 Jan; 113(1 Pt 1):112-8. View Abstract
  239. Type 2 diabetes and the vegetarian diet. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 09; 78(3 Suppl):610S-616S. View Abstract
  240. A reduced-glycemic load diet in the treatment of adolescent obesity. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2003 Aug; 157(8):773-9. View Abstract
  241. Spirited critique of glycaemic index (GI) and its role in the treatment of obesity. Obes Rev. 2003 Feb; 4(1):73-4. View Abstract
  242. Diet and development of the insulin resistance syndrome. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2003; 12 Suppl:S4. View Abstract
  243. Novel treatments for Obesity. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2003; 12 Suppl:S8. View Abstract
  244. Should obese patients be counselled to follow a low-glycaemic index diet? Yes. Obes Rev. 2002 Nov; 3(4):235-43. View Abstract
  245. Antegrade intravenous catheterization for metabolic studies in man. Diabetologia. 2002 Dec; 45(12):1742-3. View Abstract
  246. A physiological basis for disparities in diabetes and heart disease risk among racial and ethnic groups. J Nutr. 2002 Sep; 132(9):2492-3. View Abstract
  247. Childhood obesity: public-health crisis, common sense cure. Lancet. 2002 Aug 10; 360(9331):473-82. View Abstract
  248. The glycemic index: physiological mechanisms relating to obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. JAMA. 2002 May 08; 287(18):2414-23. View Abstract
  249. Dairy consumption, obesity, and the insulin resistance syndrome in young adults: the CARDIA Study. JAMA. 2002 Apr 24; 287(16):2081-9. View Abstract
  250. Type 2 diabetes mellitus in children: primary care and public health considerations. JAMA. 2001 Sep 26; 286(12):1427-30. View Abstract
  251. Dietary fiber and body-weight regulation. Observations and mechanisms. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2001 Aug; 48(4):969-80. View Abstract
  252. Relation between consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks and childhood obesity: a prospective, observational analysis. Lancet. 2001 Feb 17; 357(9255):505-8. View Abstract
  253. Melanin-concentrating hormone overexpression in transgenic mice leads to obesity and insulin resistance. J Clin Invest. 2001 Feb; 107(3):379-86. View Abstract
  254. Treating obesity in youth: should dietary glycemic load be a consideration? Adv Pediatr. 2001; 48:179-212. View Abstract
  255. Dietary composition and physiologic adaptations to energy restriction. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Apr; 71(4):901-7. View Abstract
  256. Dietary glycemic index and obesity. J Nutr. 2000 02; 130(2S Suppl):280S-283S. View Abstract
  257. Dietary fiber, weight gain, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in young adults. JAMA. 1999 Oct 27; 282(16):1539-46. View Abstract
  258. High glycemic index foods, overeating, and obesity. Pediatrics. 1999 Mar; 103(3):E26. View Abstract
  259. Mucosal cytokine expression, cellular markers and adhesion molecules in inflammatory bowel disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1999 Mar; 11(3):267-76. View Abstract
  260. Functional interactions between melanin-concentrating hormone, neuropeptide Y, and anorectic neuropeptides in the rat hypothalamus. Diabetes. 1998 Nov; 47(11):1687-92. View Abstract
  261. Blood glucose and hormonal responses to small and large meals in healthy young and older women. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 1998 Jul; 53(4):B299-305. View Abstract
  262. Melanin-concentrating hormone: a functional melanocortin antagonist in the hypothalamus. Am J Physiol. 1998 04; 274(4):E627-33. View Abstract
  263. Absence of mutations in the human OB gene in obese/diabetic subjects. Diabetes. 1996 May; 45(5):679-82. View Abstract
  264. A role for melanin-concentrating hormone in the central regulation of feeding behaviour. Nature. 1996 Mar 21; 380(6571):243-7. View Abstract
  265. Examination of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene promoter in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996 Feb; 81(2):503-6. View Abstract
  266. Structure-function analysis of protein active sites with anti-idiotypic antibody. Methods Enzymol. 1989; 178:163-71. View Abstract
  267. Three-dimensional structure of cholera toxin penetrating a lipid membrane. Science. 1988 Mar 11; 239(4845):1272-6. View Abstract
  268. HLA-A2 peptides can regulate cytolysis by human allogeneic T lymphocytes. Nature. 1987 Dec 24-31; 330(6150):763-5. View Abstract
  269. Antigenic determinants of the cholera/coli family of enterotoxins. Rev Infect Dis. 1987 Sep-Oct; 9 Suppl 5:S490-502. View Abstract
  270. Anti-receptor antibodies designed to elicit "internal image"-bearing anti-idiotypes: a possible AIDS vaccine. Med Hypotheses. 1987 Jul; 23(3):303-7. View Abstract
  271. Anti-idiotypic antibodies as probes of protein active sites: application to cholera toxin subunit B. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jun; 84(11):3673-7. View Abstract
  272. Epitopes of the cholera family of enterotoxins. Rev Infect Dis. 1987 May-Jun; 9(3):544-61. View Abstract
  273. Inhibition of alloreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes by peptides from the alpha 2 domain of HLA-A2. Nature. 1987 Feb 12-18; 325(6105):625-8. View Abstract
  274. Two-dimensional crystals of cholera toxin B-subunit-receptor complexes: projected structure at 17-A resolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Nov; 83(22):8585-8. View Abstract
  275. Chemical and immunochemical studies on the receptor binding domain of cholera toxin B subunit. J Biol Chem. 1985 Oct 15; 260(23):12528-34. View Abstract

Contact David Ludwig